Slashdot is powered by your submissions, so send in your scoop

 



Forgot your password?
typodupeerror

Comment Re:Electric grid (Score 1) 175

"Burner" because that's what it is -- it burns Diesel to produce heat. It doesn't happen inside the cabin, of course. Dedicated block heaters are often electric, parking heaters can be both electric or gas based. Think like a heater for a tent, if you are more comfortable with that.

Typical losses for the electric grid are considered less than 10% and give you a lot of flexibility. It's also no worse than the cost of distribution gas. Maintenance is orders of magnitude lower and expected life time of both solar panels and wind turbines is in the range of 20 years. That can be mostly considered a one time investment at this point in time.
There is no need to assume that there is an excess of renewable energies for the electrification of transport to be a net win. Modern coal plants have a total conversion efficiency of more than 50%. ICE are typically at best in the 25% range. Even with transportation and conversion losses EVs are a win and any increase in renewable use is shifting the advantage further towards EVs.
Buffer batteries can serve different purpose and need to be sized accordingly. If they are meant to cover the day hours only to use solar panels for example, they only need to cover storing the cell output for minutes to an hour, depending on the station use. Let's say the cost of the solar panel is 1000USD / kW peak and you want to store up to an hour. At utility scale a battery like that adds 20-30% to the cost, including one renewal over the expected life time of the solar panel. That's quite feasible already. If you want to also store the electricity over night, we are talking more like 10 hours, still scalable. Properly sized, you can use the Levelized Cost of Energy numbers from the literature as a decent approximation and would end up with something like 15ct/kWh with a fully off-grid operation (wind+battery, solar+battery is a bit cheaper).
Building a charging network is not rocket science. Heck, the classic gas station network started out the very same way. It won't happen instantly and it will certainly take more time before electric long distance hauls are popular. In Europe they have currently a market share for new trucks of 14% for light trucks (below 16t) and 3.6% for heavy trucks (16t+) with a rapid growth. Most of those are used for regional distribution so far, because charging infrastructure is still growing. But it is happening because the economic reality makes them more attractive. As usual, it's not a black and white topic. Converting regional distribution alone covers a large chunk of all traffic and provides motivation for extending the charge station network by proving the demand.

Comment Re:Electric grid (Score 1) 175

Modern heat pumps work just like a fridge, but can operate in either direction. Your fridge doesn't need the outside to be colder than the inside, because it "creates" heat by warming the surrounding air. A vehicle heat pumps transfers heat into cabin by cooling the outside. The efficiency changes based on the temperature delta and coolant used, but heat pumps are popular in Scandinavia and Canada is no worse.

Comment Re:How do power grids handle 1MW load swings? (Score 1) 175

Just to put it into perspective. Five years ago, almost to the day, there was a partial blackout in South East Europe. Root issue was a short in a 400kV transmission line coupled with secondary issues, ultimately resulting in a net split and a loss of 5.8GW production capacity for the European Grid. That was compensated, but resulted in a frequency drop of 0.25 Hz. That was an unscheduled emergency. Regular variance over the day in France and Germany alone can be 20GW together between the midday peek and the night low.

Comment Re:Electric grid (Score 1) 175

Parking heaters are a dedicated small burner to heat the cabine, but also possibly pre-warm the engine. They can be found both in regular cars (remote controlled) and trucks when sitting around without driving is popular for that vehicle. Like a fire truck or an ambulance. They are much more fuel efficient than keeping the whole engine block heated and also reduce wear.

If all current trucks are replaced by EV trucks, it would increases the demand on the grid by about 25%, ballpark number. Or to look at it from a different perspective: the transportation sector for Germany as example is around 30% of all primary energy consumption. Electricity is also around 1/3 of all primary energy use. Switching to EV reduces primary energy demand by 1/3, so full electrification of the transportation sector should increase grid demand by around 1/3.

When looking at the number of solar panels or wind turbines to produce the energy, remember how wasteful combustion engines are and that current engines need at least three times as much energy. It's just so much more convenient to ignore because the infrastructure exists and is large invisible to the average consumer. Does it make sense to produce as much of the electricity locally? That depends on both the utilization of the charge point and the land price in the area as well as how well maintained the grid is. If you are in the middle of nowhere were the land is essentially free, building 5 wind turbines and a solar panel field is just a one time cost. In a city? Just have a local buffer battery, but otherwise connect to the grid. Ironically, the situation is better than for a traditional gas station since you no longer have to ship consumables.

Comment Re:Electric grid (Score 1) 175

Don't you have parking heaters in the US? Ignoring that sleeping in the truck hasn't been allowed in large parts of the EU for nearly a decade, running the engine all night certainly is certainly not allowed. There are heat pump versions available that use the external air and can be used both to manage the temperature of the cabin as well as precondition the battery. It's not magic.

Comment Re:Electric grid (Score 1) 175

Running an engine idle over night is just a waste of fuel as well, especially since Diesel engines are not good heaters.But let's stay with a heat pump. Typical parking heater dimensions for larger trucks here in Europe have around 5kW, so an equivalent heat pump can be expected to around at 2.5kW or less. Running it for a full 8h sleep is the equivalent of driving ~20km for a 40t truck. That's not even a blimp in the battery capacity.

Comment Re:Electric grid (Score 1) 175

Modern solar panels have a peak production of around 200W per square meter. Let's ball park the load factor at 10% to keep it simple and also assume they are installed flat on the ground. That would give 500m by 100m per charger with a buffer battery to work 24/7. At the same time, a modern wind turbine at 6MW would be able to power about 1.5 such charger on its own at the same conditions. Doable.But it's not actually a very useful metric as that you really care about is fleet consumption. Volvo gives 1.1kWh per km for its 40t EV trucks. At high way speed in Europe, that would be around 80kW. Estimating the number of currently operating trucks on the number of employed drivers for Germany would have an average grid load of around 15GW, give or take. That's about 1/4 of the current average grid load.

I have no idea what the BS about current or car heating is supposed to mean. Ever heard about a parking heater? It's not like 40t EV trucks are anything futuristic. They exist. They work. Depending on the regulatory framework, they are more efficient already than Diesel engines.

Comment Re:How do power grids handle 1MW load swings? (Score 1) 175

Depends somewhat on which grid you are talking about as they have vastly different reserves. Unless you are in a special spot, the European Grid can normally handle momentary load changes in the GW range without issues. Anything with variable load in the MW range will also be integrated into the grid's load management system. That is, if there is a shortage, they will reduce the load nearly instantly. Expect local buffer batteries to be a thing as well.

Comment Re:FFS Tell Us Drain Time With Full Cargo Weight (Score 1) 175

At least in Europe, it doesn't matter how far the Diesel truck can drive. The driver is allowed to drive for 270min before taking a 45 min break. Guess what EV trucks in Europe are optimized to achieve? Right, about 400km range and a charge time of under 45min. Torque has never been a problem for EV engines, I have no idea what you are smoking.

Slashdot Top Deals

How many weeks are there in a light year?

Working...