Could that second bullet point about Buddhism be rephrased as follows?:
"Suffering is caused by craving or attachments to worldly pleasures, such as certain sense of existence or selfhood. Thus if you think you exist or have a self, then you are causing yourself pain."
If so, then I have a problem with Buddhism. (Namely, I rather like the idea that I exist, and I don't believe giving up my sense of self is the best way to end my suffering; or if it is, then ending my suffering is not such a great idea.)
Else, please explain the difference (besides me chopping out the other examples of worldly pleasures).
No they are different statements. First of all pain and suffering are different concepts entirely. While it is true that pain can sometimes cause suffering, this is not always the case. Secondly, Buddhists believe that everything that exists is in a constant state of flux (this belief is called impermanence) which is one reason why clinging to worldly possessions causes suffering; they are impermanent, and eventually they will be lost. The concept of self implies something that is permanent and unchanging. If you read carefully, the second bullet point says that clinging to a certain sense of existence causes suffering. Here's what wikipedia says on the subject:
Anatta (PÄli) or anÄtman (Sanskrit) refers to the notion of "not-self". In Indian philosophy, the concept of a self is called Ätman (that is, "soul" or metaphysical self), which refers to an unchanging, permanent essence conceived by virtue of existence. This concept and the related concept of Brahman, the Vedantic monistic ideal, which was regarded as an ultimate Ätman for all beings, were indispensable for mainstream Indian metaphysics, logic, and science; for all apparent things there had to be an underlying and persistent reality, akin to a Platonic form. Buddhists reject all these concepts of Ätman, emphasizing not permanence, but changeability. Therefore all concepts of a substantial personal self are incorrect, and formed in the realm of ignorance.
In the Nikayas, anatta is not meant as a metaphysical assertion, but as an approach for gaining release from suffering. In fact, the Buddha rejected both of the metaphysical assertions "I have a self" and "I have no self" as ontological views that bind one to suffering.[53] By analyzing the constantly changing physical and mental constituents ("skandhas") of a person (or object), the practitioner comes to the conlusion, that neither the respective parts, nor the person as a whole comprise a self.
Note here that the Buddha rejected both statements "I have a self" and "I have no self".
One example of how clinging to your sense of self might cause you suffering is the following: You will die one day, and your "sense of self" will end; thus, as you cling vainly to your sense of self, you will be suffering. This is only one example, and I'm sure it's not the best, but I'm sure that you can think of another.
I respect the fact that Buddhism might not be right for you. In my original post, I was not trying to push Buddhism on anyone, or assert that it's correct in all aspects. I was merely trying to correct another poster's mistake. I encourage you to read more about Buddhism and educate yourself about its beliefs and practices, if only to be able to know exactly what it is you are rejecting. Wikipedia is a good start.
Also, I take issue with this wording:
"Science is based on faith that the laws of nature are omnipresent and universal"
Science is based on trust that the laws of nature are omnipresent and universal.
Trust is that which is accepted based on evidence. Faith is that which is accepted without evidence.
I agree with you 100%. As I said to someone else, I shouldn't have used the word 'faith'. 'Trust' is a much better word to use there.