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Comment Re:Origin of BSD (Score 1) 103

The above refers to BSD, but is there any version of BSD that's based on this, as opposed to one of the big 3 - FreeBSD, OpenBSD and NetBSD?

The big three -are- all based on 4.4BSD-Lite. OpenBSD forked off NetBSD around 1995. FreeBSD and NetBSD were originally (circa 1993) patched versions of 386BSD, which was based on the Net/2 release, itself intended as an unencumbered version of 4.3BSD. FreeBSD and NetBSD had to re-base their source trees to 4.4BSD-Lite when - as a result of the settlement of the lawsuit in early 1994 - Net/2 was considered tainted. As I recall FreeBSD 2.0 was the first version based on 4.4BSD. Of course the source code of the different projects has changed (and diverted) a lot since then.

Comment Re:Origin of BSD (Score 1) 103

As I recall, BSD refers to BSD44 (or BSD v4.4), which I believe is the first version of Berkley Software Distribution [Unix] that was certified did not contain any of the SysV Unix code. Code that the university had obtained from Bell Labs for originally for training purposes. As I recall, there was a huge court battle over this in the 90s. Various pundits claim that if BSD had not been tied up in courts, hackers would not have taken an interest in the Minix clone, Linux. Then again, Linux had quite the court battle in the 2000s, and I don't remember FreeBSD users jumping through the roof. It takes quite a bit of dedication (e.g. time and desire) to track FreeBSDs -STABLE or -CURRENT. Was quite a bit of fun to compile your own kernel, though. Only one simple text file to read/modify.

As I understand, you can obtain the BSD44 sources if you desire. They are not free, though. You have to pay for shipping and the cost of a 9mm reel or two. So yes, the BSD is important as it shows that all the *BSD distros come from a Sys-V Unix parent.

As far as I know, BSD was not derived from System V but from V7 (via 32V). Early System V releases were based on V7 combined with a few internal Bell Labs systems.

You can get the 4.4BSD-Lite releases as tar.gz file from all over the Internet (use Google to find one) or you could order the BSD archive CD-ROM set from Kirk McKusick (www.mckusick.com). I have not seen a tape distribution offered recently.

Comment Re:So what does it affect? (Score 1) 172

For Sony NEWS, a fairly short lived product. The workstations were initially based on Motorola 68K, later on MIPS R3000 and up. The OS was 4.3 BSD in the beginning, later also SVR4. The X ports were quite straightforward, mostly adaption to hardware and fighting the compiler (slightly quick-and-dirty PCC based). And of course the bugs we found in X itself.

Comment Re:So what does it affect? (Score 1) 172

It is a while ago (more than 20 years!), but I am certain that we fixed most of the issues described in CVE-2014-8092 and CVE-2014-8095 when porting X11R4 and we did report those bugs to the X Consortium (actually a precursor of Xorg.)

I am also quite sure that the large companies (Sun, SGI maybe IBM) also fixed and possibly reported those bugs. I can only conclude that the software engineering practices of the X developers were a bit sub-standard, even for those days and it also makes me quite suspicious about the way-of-working of the present OpenDesktop and Xorg developers.

I have a strong impression that they are more focused on development of Wayland anyhow. And that is not a good thing...

Comment Re:Minix on Atari ST (Score 2) 136

I ran Minix for a year or more on my Atari ST - having a UNIX-like operating system on a machine I could have at home was a truly awesome thing. Tanenbaum's work is fascinating, useful and will be around for a good while...which is more or less the definition of "successful" in academic circles.

The debates with Linus were interesting - but I always felt that they were arguing at cross-purposes. Linus wanted a quick implementation of something indistinguishable from "real UNIX" - Tanenbaum wanted something beautiful and elegant. Both got what they wanted - there was (and continues to be) no reason why they can't both continue to exist and be useful.

Tanenbaum's statement that the computer would mostly be running one program at a time was clearly unreasonable for a PC - but think about phones or embedded controllers like BeagleBone and Raspberry Pi? Perhaps Minix is a better solution in those kinds of applications?

I'm still "using" Minix (currently 1.6.25) both on my ancient Atari 1040 ST and on an Atari ST simulator. Part out of nostalgia of course, but also to remind myself what you could do using a CPU that is about 10000 times slower than current CPU's, running an OS that you could actually understand completely by reading the complete source code. And I am using a cross compiler these days, based on GCC 4.x running on FreeBSD (see www.beastielabs.net/prerel.html) and it is amazing to see what you still can get to run on the 1993 vintage Minix, although there is still no networking.

I remember having read the first edition of OSDI (including the source code) from cover to cover several times in the late 80's (the book split in two volumes as a consequence 8-) ) and a really learned a lot from it, although I was already heavily involved in Unix kernel hacking by then (both BSD and SVR4 based kernel ports). I still value Andy's OSDI in its several editions as a most educational experience.

Comment Re:SunOS & Solaris (Score 1) 220

Actually Sun co-created SVR4 8-). Quite early, I think in 1987 Sun and AT&T cut a deal (As I remember Sun stock was also involved) to jointly develop and market a unified version of Unix, containing features from SunOS, SVR3.2, 4.3BSD and Xenix (that originally was based on V7 and marketed by Microsoft).

Such a unified version was not unwelcome after a decade of incompatible Unix versions from many different vendors. When SVR4 was released in 1988 it also promised compliance with the then new IEEE Posix standard. And additionally, the Berkeley CSRG had made clear on several occasions that they would not and could not offer commercial-grade support on their BSD system: they were an academic research group after all. And since the BSD source code was not yet publicly available, these were quite convincing arguments for both the Unix system vendors and their customers to move away from BSD toward SVR4.

Of course the Sun-AT&T deal by itself caused quite a few new schisms. And Sun seriously botched the first releases of there SVR4 version (especially Solaris 2.2 and 2.3), which made Sun customers stick with SunOS 4 for a very long time (some even "downgraded" from Solaris to SunOS in response to continuing issues). The last release of SunOS (4.1.4) was in 1994, and I guess nobody expected it to last that long (especially not Sun).

I don't think hardware was much a driver for Solaris. SunOS was also available for the Sparc and the M68K was quickly forgotten after the introduction of the Sparc. And though there actually was an MP version of SVR4 available at a certain point in time, it really smelled badly 8-) The reputation of Solaris for SMP stems mostly from its later releases (from Solaris 6 onwards) that considerably diverged from pure SVR4.

So there probably were not many hardcore technical reasons to move to Solaris. But there was a class of users for whom the technical problems with Solaris (e.g. with its weird socket interface) motivated a move away from it during the first years of the Internet boom toward Linux and (of course) FreeBSD (both at least SunOS-like) and to Windows NT.

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