The Pope and the Roman Catholic church are wrong on this one.
The reason many Christians get so up in arms about this is that Macro-evolution (one 'kind' of animal evolving into another 'kind') is not just a little bit off theologically, but it's contrary to the entire traditional Christian message.
The Christian message is that people were created perfect (Adam and Eve), chose to sin, and death entered the world. Humankind, and the world itself, needs a Savior, because without external intervention it will continue to get worse and worse. The only times the world has gotten better is when God intervines and gives us a 'boost' of grace. Major examples on a wide scale are the Israelite nation, Jesus's birth, ministry, death and resurrection, and the Protestant Reformation. Death is the final enemy that will be conquered when Christ returns.
The message of Evolution (Macro) is that all things continually improve without God. Death is not the result of sin, but a natural part of 'getting better' and is actually a good thing. The world, and all species will continue to improve over time, until... well who knows where it will all end? Star Trek? Q was worried humans would evolve into 'gods' one day themselves. Everyone wants to be God, right?
Adaptation or micro-evolution (all species of dogs came from a root ancestor dog) is directly observable and I think most people readily admit it. Macro-evolution, Astronomy, Geology (the parts about millions of years ago) are all based on a lot of very intelligent arguments, but are not directly observable. Was the Grand Canyon created by a little bit of water over a long period of time, or a whole lot of water over a little bit of time? Depends on your point of view. The facts can support either.
I don't know enough of the science to debate that any more than what I just pointed out... but I'm trying to shed some light on why this is such a big deal to people. This is a clash of worldviews. Without directly observable evidence (like large and small cannon balls fall at the same rate), everyone will interpret the evidence in light of their worldview.