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Australia

Submission + - CSIRO Develops 10 Gbps Microwave Backhaul (itnews.com.au)

Submitted by theweatherelectric
theweatherelectric writes: James Hutchinson of iTnews writes, 'CSIRO has begun talks with global manufacturers to commercialise microwave technology it says can provide at least 10 Gbps symmetric backhaul services to mobile towers. The project, funded out of the Science and Industry Endowment Fund and a year in planning, could provide a ten-fold increase in the speed of point-to-point microwave transmission systems within two years, according to project manager, Dr Jay Guo. Microwave transmission is used to link mobile towers back to a carrier’s network where it is physically difficult or economically unviable to run fibre to the tower. Where current technology has an upper limit of a gigabit per second to multiple towers over backhaul, the government organisation said it could provide the 10 Gbps symmetric speeds over ranges of up to 50 kilometres.'
KDE

KDE 4.5 Released 302

Posted by Soulskill from the newer-and-shinier dept.
An anonymous reader writes "KDE 4.5.0 has been released to the world. See the release announcement for details. Highlights include a Webkit browser rendering option for Konqueror, a new caching mechanism for a faster experience and a re-worked notification system. Another new feature is Perl bindings, in addition to Python, Ruby and JavaScript support. The Phonon multimedia library now integrates with PulseAudio. See this interview with KDE developer and spokesperson Sebastian Kugler on how KDE can continue to be innovative in the KDE4 age. Packages should be available for most Linux distributions in the coming days. More than 16000 bug fixes were committed since 4.4."
Math

Possible Issues With the P != NP Proof 147

Posted by Soulskill from the intuitively-obvious-to-the-most-casual-observer dept.
An anonymous reader writes "We previously discussed news that Vinay Deolalikar, a Principal Research Scientist at HP Labs, wrote a paper that claimed to prove P is not equal to NP. Dick Lipton, a Professor of Computer Science at Georgia Tech, analyzed the idea of the proof on his blog. In a recent post, he explains that there have been many serious objections raised about the proof. The post summarizes the issues that need to be answered in any subsequent development, and additional concerns are raised in the comment section."
Biotech

First 'Malaria-Proof' Mosquito Created 261

Posted by timothy from the what-about-a-really-good-egg-cream dept.
Gisg writes "The University of Arizona team reported that their genetically modified mosquitoes are immune to the malaria-causing parasite, a single-cell organism called Plasmodium. Riehle and his colleagues tested their genetically-altered mosquitoes by feeding them malaria-infested blood. Not even one mosquito became infected with the malaria parasite."

Comment Re:Living in the past (Score 1) 256

by evohe80 (#27920767) Attached to: Apple Freezes Snow Leopard APIs
I didn't mean that Optical Drives should be banned... I meant external drives should be the way to go, specially in laptops under 15". Few netbooks have an optical drive, and they sell like hotcakes, which I think proves my point.

Certainly some people watch DVDs on their laptops, but they are not that many (from my sample, only about 1 in 10), specially in small ones. There are also legal stores where you can buy movies online (iTunes, Amazon, ...).
Many users don't ever install an OS, anyway, and the ones that do, don't usually install it but once every few months. All other components on my laptops are used constantly, or are phisically small (say DVI output), but not the optical drive is most of the time is just additional weight.

Comment Re:An unfair fight is the point of war (Score 1) 644

by evohe80 (#27488509) Attached to: Konami Announces a Game Based On a 2004 Battle In Fallujah

I'd put this to you - if civilians understood that they would get killed in wars too, they might be a lot less likely to build, finance and cheer on the armies to fight them.

Actually, aren't armies supposed to defend countries and the civilian population? By your reasoning, American citizens should stop supporting their own army, as they may get killed in the even of a war. Fortunately for you, there has been no war on US soil for more than a century.

And yes, there are rules in war. They are international law. They are made to protect civilians and human rights as a whole, in all situations. If you don't like them it may be because you are on the winning side, and you don't suffer the massacres.

Comment Re:No legislation required.... (Score 1) 363

by evohe80 (#26889373) Attached to: Handset Vendors Plug Micro-USB Charge Ports
I suppose you're kidding, right?

I'm sure the handset makers are deeply saddened by this. Clearly, this unwelcome meddling by government will hurt consumers by ending competition in this vital technical matter.

Vital techinical matter? It's just the charger. They could use additional ports if they want to. And it may be financially wise for the companies: they will charge you the same for the phone, and they won't have to give you another charger. I guess not that many people loose their chargers and have to buy additional units.

This could cost consumers literally incalculable amounts of synergy and innovation. Why won't the government just let capitalism work?

Mixing capitalism with a "standard" charge port doesn't make any sense. And I don't see any great amount of innovation coming from the charge port.

Comment Re:You too can be an armchair scientist. (Score 0) 558

by evohe80 (#24756945) Attached to: Scientists Discover Cows Point North
Mod parent up. +5 insightful.

Anyway, what's the point of having an integrated compass for a cow? It's great for migratory animals, but not so much for a cow. Nature is usually very economic with the systems it puts inside living creatures, if it isn't an advantage of any kind, it consumes energy, and becomes a disadvantage.
Books

Submission + - Book Review - GPU Gems 3 (martinecker.com)

Submitted by
Martin Ecker
Martin Ecker writes: "Weighing in at fifty pages short of a thousand, NVIDIA has recently released the third installment of its GPU Gems series, aptly titled "GPU Gems 3" published by Addison-Wesley Publishing. Just like the two previous books before it, GPU Gems 3 is a collection of articles by numerous authors from the game development industry, the offline rendering industry, academia, and of course NVIDIA. The 41 chapters of the book grouped into six parts discuss a wide range of topics, all dealing with recent advancements in using graphics processing units (GPUs, for short) to either render highly realistic images in real-time or do high-performance, parallel computation, an area that is called GPGPU (short for General Purpose computation on GPUs). In this latest installment of the series, the focus of a lot of the chapters is on using new hardware features of Direct3D 10-level hardware, such as NVIDIA's GeForce 8 series, to either get more realistic looking results or higher performance.

The book is aimed at the intermediate and advanced graphics programmer that has a solid background in computer graphics algorithms. The reader is also expected to be familiar with commonly used real-time shading languages, in particular HLSL, which is used in most of the chapters. Familiarity with graphics APIs, such as Direct3D and OpenGL, is also required to get the most out of this book.

The first part of the book is about geometry with the first chapter diving right into generating complex procedural terrains on the GPU. This interesting chapter explains the techniques behind a recent NVIDIA demo that shows very nice, 3-dimensional, procedurally generated terrain using layering of multiple octaves of 3-dimensional noise. An interesting contribution of this chapter is how the authors texture the terrain avoiding the typical, ugly texture stretching that previous techniques exhibit. This is followed by a chapter on rendering a large amount of animated characters using new Direct3D 10 features, in particular the powerful geometry instancing that is now available. The author suggests doing palette skinning by storing bone matrices in animation textures instead of the traditional way where they are stored in shader constant registers. The next chapter is in a similar vein, but uses blend shapes aka morph targets instead of skinning to animate characters. In particular, the main focus is again on how to use Direct3D 10 features to accelerate blend shapes on the GPU. Other chapters in this part of the book are on rendering and animating trees, visualizing metaballs (also useful for rendering fluids), and adaptive mesh refinement in a vertex shader.

Part two of the book deals with light and shadows. For me personally, this is one of the most exciting parts of the book with very practical techniques that we are going to see applied fairly soon in video games. The first chapter is on summed-area variance shadow maps, an extension to the popular variance shadow maps algorithm that provides nice soft shadows without aliasing artifacts. The next chapter is on GPU-based relighting, which is mostly useful for fast previewing in offline rendering. Then we move on to a nice chapter on parallel-split shadow maps, which are a way of doing dynamic, large-scale environment shadows by splitting the view frustum into different parts and having a separate shadow map for each of them. Other chapters in this part of the book are on improved shadow volumes, high-quality ambient occlusion, which is an improvement of a technique previously presented in GPU Gems 2, and volumetric light scattering.

The third part of the book is on rendering techniques and it starts with a very interesting chapter on rendering realistic skin in real-time. This chapter with its more than fifty pages is one of the longest in the book, but it definitely deserves the space. I have never seen such realistic looking skin rendered in real-time before. The result is really astonishing and the authors go into detail of all the various techniques and tricks employed to achieve it. Simply put, they take a diffuse map and apply multiple Gaussian blurs of varying kernel sizes to it. These blurred images are then linearly combined using certain weights to get an approximation to a so-called diffusion profile, which is used to visualize subsurface scattering. Of course, the devil is in the details and the technique is a bit more complicated than what I've described here. Some other chapters in this part of the book are on capturing animated facial textures and storing them efficiently using principal component analysis (PCA) as used in recent EA Sports games, animating and shading vegetation in the upcoming game Crysis, and a way of doing relief mapping without the artifacts of previous methods.

Part four starts out with a chapter on true imposters, i.e. billboards generated by raytracing through a volumetric object on the GPU. It's fairly interesting but I doubt that we'll see it in video games anytime soon because the costs of this technique seem fairly high. Another chapter is on rendering large particle systems to lower resolution, off-screen buffers and then recombining them with the framebuffer as a post process. This technique allows for rendering very fill-rate intensive particle systems with good performance. Other chapters include an appeal to make sure you do your lighting calculations in linear space and be careful when and where gamma correction needs to be applied, followed by some chapters on post processing effects, in particular motion blur and depth of field, and a chapter co-authored by Jim Blinn himself on rendering vector fonts in high quality via pixel shaders.

With part five dealing with physics simulation on the GPU we enter GPGPU territory. While a lot of the techniques in this and the following part of the book are highly interesting and innovative, I doubt we'll be seeing them applied a lot in video games in the next year or two, simply because they use up a lot of GPU processing power and GPU memory that us game developers would rather spend on doing fancy graphics. The first chapter is on doing rigid body simulation on the GPU. The author uses spherical particles to represent rigid bodies, which greatly simplifies the collision detection even between the most complex shapes. The subsequent chapter is on simulating and rendering volumetric fluids entirely on the GPU. The authors apply fluid simulation to create realistic smoke, fire, and water effects. The presented technique is based on running a fluid simulator on a voxelized 3D volume stored in 3D textures. Also solid objects that interact with the fluid are voxelized on the fly on the GPU. To render the fluid a ray-marching algorithm is used. The remaining chapters of this part of the book discuss N-body simulation, broad-phase collision detection and convex collision detection with Lemke's algorithm for the linear complementarity problem. Many chapters of this part of the book use NVIDIA's new language for doing GPGPU called CUDA and the reader is expected to be familiar with it. CUDA is both a runtime system and a language based on C that eliminates the need to have in-depth knowledge of a graphics API in order to implement GPGPU algorithms.

The final part of the book is on GPU computing with chapters that show how to apply the incredible parallel computing power of modern GPUs to classic computation problems that are not directly related to either computer graphics or physics. One chapter demonstrates how to search for virus signatures on the GPU, effectively turning your graphics card into an antivirus scanner. Another chapter shows how to do AES encryption and decryption on the GPU, which is now possible thanks to the new generation of GPUs supporting integer operations in addition to floating-point operations. Other chapters deal with generating random numbers, computing the Gaussian, and using the geometry shader introduced with Direct3D 10 to implement computer vision algorithms on the GPU that previously were not possible with vertex and pixel shaders only, such as histogram building and corner detection.

One of the features that distinguishes the GPU Gems series from other graphics books was kept for GPU Gems 3: the high quality and large number of images and diagrams. All figures in the book are in color, and there are plenty of them. The book also comes with a DVD that has the sample source code to most of the techniques discussed in the book. A lot of these programs require Direct3D 10 hardware (and as consequence Windows Vista) to run. However, for most of these, demo videos are also made available so you can see how a technique looks like without having the latest hardware or operating system. Furthermore, the book's website http://developer.nvidia.com/object/gpu-gems-3.html offers a visual table of content and three sample chapters to download in PDF format.

As with the previous two GPU Gems books, most of the chapters in this book are fairly advanced and ahead of their time. A lot of the presented techniques are not yet practical for video games on current generation GPUs, simply because they use up all the computation power and/or memory that they have to offer. However, a lot of techniques from the previous two books are now commonly used and we can expect the same to be the case for many of the techniques discussed in this book. As such, it is required reading for any serious professional working in the real-time computer graphics industry.

About the review author:
The author has been involved in real-time graphics programming for more than 10 years and works as a professional game developer for High Moon Studios http://www.highmoonstudios.com/ in sunny California."
Encryption

Submission + - Australia cracked US combat aircraft codes (news.com.au)

Submitted by SpamSlapper
SpamSlapper writes: FORMER defence minister Kim Beazley has told how Australia cracked top-secret American combat aircraft codes to enable the shooting down of enemy aircraft in the 1980s. The radar on Australia's Hornets could not identify most potentially hostile aircraft in the region, but dispite many requests, the codes were not provided, so "In the end we spied on them and we extracted the codes ourselves". The Americans knew what the Australians were doing and were intrigued by the progress they made.
Announcements

Submission + - Brain Differences In Democrats and Republicans

Submitted by i_like_spam
i_like_spam writes: Scientists from NYU and UCLA report in Nature Neuroscience that the brains of Democrats and Republicans process information differently. This new study finds that the differences are apparent even when the brain processes common information, not just political topics. From the study, liberals were more likely to be accurate and showed more brain activity in the region associated with analyzing conflicts. A researcher not affiliated with the study stated, liberals 'could be expected to more readily accept new social, scientific or religious ideas.' Moreover, 'the results could explain why President Bush demonstrated a single-minded commitment to the Iraq war and why some people perceived Sen. John F. Kerry ... as a flip-flopper.

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