What a crock of brown stuff! I'm no climatologist but I do have more than 20 years aviation experience and contrails do not "form when water vapor condenses into ice crystals around the small particles emitted by jet engines". Contrails typically form in the wingtip vortices well away from the engine exhaust. The dynamics of air pressure in creating lift combine with temperature and humidity to produce the ice particles that make up these trails. You can see this yourself just looking out the window the next time your flying commercially as well as by watching those trails form behind high-energy maneuvering aircraft during airshows. That might apply to an exhaust trail but not all contrails are exhaust trails and not all exhaust trails involve ice crystals. Likewise, the ice particles in contrails could not trap "heat that would otherwise be released into space" such that the "contrails contribute 57% of a plane's climate impact". Contrails, or even just visible exhaust trails, do not appear behind every aircraft in flight, hardly even close to 50% of those aircraft. Contrails, in particular, require a narrow range of altitude, speed, temperature, and humidity combined to form. You can often eliminate your contrails by climbing or descending as little as 1000' in altitude. It would be generous to claim that contrails form consistently behind even 5-10% of flights globally on any given day. This whole "study" reeks of pseudo-science or deliberate mis-interpretation drawn from their data to support a political rather than scientific hypothesis.