There's a $400 first time registration and a $200 registration renewal fee for EVs. This is to cover all the taxes that aren't being paid by EV owners lack of buying gas. This means that low mileage EV owners pay an unfair portion of taxes under a certain number of miles, and less than their fair share over a certain number of miles.
If lawmakers had wanted to make it fair, instead of specifically targeting EVs for political points, then they would have based that tax on mileage and vehicle weight. Every renewal requires an inspection, including a record of the current miles driven. Simple math will give miles driven that year, and tax could easily be calculated from that.
This federal tax is just more of the same. It would make EV owners pay taxes disproportionate to their contribution to road degradation over time, when registration records would easily allow for more precise taxation.