CORAL GABLES, FL (September 9, 2013) — Recently, the global financial market experienced a series of computer glitches that abruptly brought operations to a halt. One reason for these "flash freezes" may be the sudden emergence of mobs of ultrafast robots, which trade on the global markets and operate at speeds beyond human capability, thus overwhelming the system. The appearance of this "ultrafast machine ecology" is documented in a new study published on September 11 in Nature Scientific Reports. The findings suggest that for time scales less than one second, the financial world makes a sudden transition into a cyber jungle inhabited by packs of aggressive trading algorithms. "These algorithms can operate so fast that humans are unable to participate in real time, and instead, an ultrafast ecology of robots rises up to take control," explains ...

Maybe separate exams, to be given by proctors, either with the course or at the time of hire. IBM used to do this.

The interesting argument, related to theories known for a century (Galon-Watson,Fisher) are correct for single genes, or completely linked clusters (e.g.mitochondria, Y chromosome). It does not hold in the presence of recombination.

In other words, the conclusion is false for entire individuals, but true for single genes or very tightly linked clusters.

Questions?