Before specifying how users would be supposed to confirm legitimacy, it is de rigueur to check the method against a number of classic anti-spam proposals.

A possible breaking tool is fiscal treatment. Each country should take a look at how many other countries a given company is incorporated in. Then, apply taxes accordingly, possibly coordinating with the other countries. Tax rates should be so steep that giant companies would prefer to split, lest being beaten by smaller competitors.

At a quick glance, prof Galloway doesn't seem to consider democracy as an ingredient of those "love affairs". It is well known that investors are rather oriented toward increasing their own revenue than doing The Right Thing. A democratic company should have a policy which provides for employees voting for managers, in the hope that workers know what they're doing. Democratic election is a flawed process which not always results in electing the best leaders, but it's still the least worse model the human race has ever found...

I recently quit expecting someone to be appreciable just because people elected him POTUS

I'd rather consider the relationship between god and intelligence to be the point of the exercise. Besides, that Biblical definition sounds rather like defining what is the time span.

Creation of intelligence is an interesting topic as well. How would it be part of thermodynamics? Physicists explain ideal gases, mentioning heat, temperature, pressure, entropy, enthalpy, and the like, and it sounds so fairly complicated already, that I get dismayed when I realize that that is the "simple case". Explanations of AI —Alien Intelligence— suggest that if particles differ from one another, and can exchange signals and learn, then the general case involves many more mind-blowing intricacies. Albeit Turing machines can emulate one another, systems differ in the way the "intelligence" they produce can act on the matter. The laws of physics are just that.

Besides shrieking and shrugging there is also people who actually does something. Politics is not a bunch of dining philosophers. Decisions have consequences, and they don't always result in nicely combining those gas-guzzling SUVs onto untarnished landscapes as seen on TV ads.

In some countries, where laws protect employees much more than small business, there are many fake-business —individuals formally defined as the local equivalent of an S-corp or LLC, but actually working as employees. Gov's dislike that state of affairs because small business are so many that it becomes very difficult to control them. It is easier to administer a small number of medium sized businesses.

Gov's dislike huge multinational companies as well, of course. They are too big to be controlled. However, most gov's are unable to do anything against huge companies because of corruption. Thus, gov's appear to be strong against small companies and weak against the strong ones. A rather common circumstance.

This morning I sent back to Amazon a copy of Silence I had purchased in May. They are going to refund me 16.20 euros. The Blue-ray disc didn't seem to be damaged, I guess it was defective by design. My reader's firmware is dated 2012, and the encryption key on the disc is probably newer. At Amazon, they've been so fair as to gloss over their return policy, but they cannot sell me a copy that I can see. Should I spend 120 bucks on a new player, just to get new encryption keys? Who is preventing me from seeing Scorsese's work? (Who are the pirates?)

Compare with TV series such as Castle or Elementary, for which I don't even find an Italian edition on DVD. They've been played and replayed on TV, but are available from "unofficial distribution" only. Is it obvious that it is legitimate to download them in that case?

So we don't have to wait for life to talk about miracles...

Yes, and there are machines that lay out program's code automatically since that same epoch. Engineers just write high level specs in a language called "C".

On a decent system, one can easily change user-id by logging out and in as necessary. Cookies are not shared among different users. For phones, better use different hardware with different cards. However, that is not enough. Quoting the report:

The people who hire sex workers are also very concerned with anonymity so they’re using alternative emails and alternative names. And sometimes they have phones that they only use for this, for hiring women. You have two ends of people using heightened security, because neither end wants their identity being revealed. And they’re having their real names connected on Facebook.

Besides "these stupid scientists", you need room for teams for every craft and expertise. Think a few million people at least, and all the equipment they need.

Yes, larger space craft could do.

It's damn difficult to prove that, since you didn't find it, it doesn't exist. A negation is, in fact, the complement within a set having a frontier which we don't know how far may extend.

Had Weiss, Thorne, and Barish caught no waves even after decades, people might have begun to suspect gravity waves don't exist. No prize would have been granted for a suspicion, though.

Agreed. Small punishments for small crimes are fine. The point with hatred seems to be that it is, or appears to be, the origin of much larger and widespread violence, biased and bad behaviors. Yet, it has to be considered a small crime, in the name of free speech.

I guess it's a bad idea because it is ineffective.

Killers found guilty are going to be locked for some decades at least. That way, outlawing homicide is effective. Outlawing hate, much like drug possession, is a minor crime and people most of times manage to get out of jail in a few months, if they get locked at all.

The logical fallacy is to assume jobs are an array of pigeon holes hanged there irrespectively of how many humans are alive and how they spend their time.

I'm not claiming humans will always be the dominant species on the planet, of course. Until we are, however, that will make a difference in a comparison between the car/horse and the AI/human scenarios. Yes, humans could be ruled out —as a species— by some AI-based circumstance, but that's not the same as hypothesizing joblessness for the masses while we rule the world. Of course, people will cry and grit their teeth in pain, as always happened and always will. However, humans are a social species. We are bound to gather in communities and cooperate with one another. In a number of cases, those forms of cooperation are going to be called jobs.

Who exactly is going to pay people for doing what? That question pertains to economics, not technology. Unless money will fall into disuse, there will be jobs.