TSMC are the masters, inventing small machines and leading the world. Apple are 2nd with a working 3nm wafer fab line. Samsung have a working 7nm line, I heard they were upgrading to 5nm, but I never heard of product coming out, so they seem stuck there. Intel has a 10nm wafer fab line, but Intel can't get it working. They've rejigged things so their 10nm line is actually putting out 12nm chips but they still lose money trying to make silicon. They make their CPUs on a 14nm line.
This is misleading. Inaccurate and mixing fabless chip designers (Apple, Rockchip) with fabs (TSMC etc). Dumping in random stuff like earthquakes.
Apple doesn't have a fab, they use TSMC. Intel is way ahead of 10nm, on approx 2nm. Samsung, SK Hynix, Micron etc all have high end fabs even if some are focused more on memory (DRAM, HBM etc) than more general purpose.
Lots of these companies have older tech still running for lower end chips, and yes, eventually you get into nodes where China competes in particular for things like microcontrollers and lower end ARM chips.
Rockchip uses extensive non-Chinese IP (ARM in particular) to make fairly generic chips using foreign fabs (TSMC for RK3588), I assume using foreign software. I doubt they're even a good example for Chinese players. These chips are broadly comparable with what a RaspberryPi has.