I'm not sure which states you consider 'North' versus 'South', unless you're using strict Civil War terminology. My family is from New England and I would strongly disagree with your assessment of the North. My anecdotal evidence - to offset your anecdotal evidence - is that the rest of my family moved to Virginia, married Virginians, yet they've all spent significant time up here. All of them say that race is more significant issue in Virginia than it is in New England, at least within the past few decades. They describe the situation as separate cultures that do not often mix, in stark contrast with their Northern experience. (Full disclosure: I do have some ex-in-laws that privately harbor racist attitudes, but I consider their ignorance the exception and not the norm.)
I'm guessing a Texan doesn't think Virginia qualifies as 'South'; but this New Englander doesn't consider Virginia 'North'.
You say you can't 'educate away' racism, and perhaps that is true. But look at the progress gay Americans have made. Attitudes have changed, and a lot has to do with younger, more accepting folks changing the landscape while the old, well, die off. I can't say it's been educated away, although I'd like to think so. Almost all of New England has legalized gay marriage (and don't forget Iowa!). This acceptance of gays is not built upon secret homophobia. So the portrayal of the North as being politically correct on race but secretly racist and "sad" doesn't wash for me.
Tangentially, African-American is term that gets misapplied to so many people who are not of African heritage (e.g., Haitians, Jamaicans, etc.) in the name of political correctness. I am perfectly fine referring to someone who self-identifies as an African-American as such, but I generally find these terms divisive instead of informative or enlightening.