Since ITER began construction (many years ago), one significant change is that new types of superconducting magnets have been developed. So, one primary reason not to follow in the path of ITER, or invest in it, is that the technology is now somewhat outdated.

For instance, Commonwealth Fusion is using a new type of superconducting magnet that can generate approximately 20 Tesla (https://news.mit.edu/2024/tests-show-high-temperature-superconducting-magnets-fusion-ready-0304). In comparison, ITER is using a magnet that can generate about 13 Tesla. The difference, then, is a potentially longer confinement time of the plasma and with a much smaller and less expensive to manufacture reactor.

Have a casual interest in modeling plasma (it's a long story why). Because of this interest, have specific questions about the investment (that weren't answered in the article):

* Why (only) a tokamak design? There are two primary types of fusion reactors, magnetic and inertial confinement. There are also hybrid approaches, such as what Helion Energy is using, a magneto-inertial fusion. So, my question, why choose only this approach? If you're going to make a large investment, why not invest in the many types of approaches to make a fusion reactor?

* Is the investment going to include investing in private companies? And, if so, will that include investments in companies outside of the UK?

* The reason for the investment in a supercomputer is because of plasma tearing instability (I assume). That is, the plasma has to stay hot enough and for a long enough time to generate fusion. Both, generating the plasma and the process of fusion, is probabilistic. In other words, there are many instabilities that occur and that cause the plasma to cool (from the temperature needed for fusion). So, my question, what exactly would an investment in a supercomputer provide? Typically, investment in a supercomputer means that a problem can be linearly divided into smaller subproblems that are easier to compute. Would be interested to know what specific methods are going to be used to model the plasma.

* Finally -- and this isn't a question -- modeling plasma is complex. It's one of the most complex mathematical models that I've learned and attempted to make. If you're interested, this introductory video is excellent. Although it's from about 10 years ago (I think), the problems with understanding the physics of plasma in a fusion reactor are still relevant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

We may both be right. It could be both Gunnigam and Del Naja. Another quote from the article:

"On October 28, 2022, the day Duley and Del Naja entered Ukraine, a “David Jones” also crossed the border at the same location, according to a source familiar with immigration procedures. The source also told us the date of birth listed on Jones’ passport. It was the same as Robin Gunningham’s birthday."

If you could, quote the passage from the article where you found it. Also, because there are no page numbers, point out where in the article you found it approximately.

Here's why I think it's Del Naja. This is a quote from the article:

"Horenka resident Tetiana Reznychenko told us she made coffee for the two men who did the bathtub mural and saw the two painters without their masks. As we swiped through the lineup on a cellphone, Reznychenko shook her head no. Then, when shown one of the photos, her eyes widened, even as she denied having seen the man in the picture.

That man was Robert Del Naja."

The quote is taken from directly below the three people that the author(s) think could be Banksy.

First, I skimmed the long article. So, what I'm proposing may be in the article.

If you haven't read the article, it proposes that Del Naja is Banksy. If you don't know, Del Naja is a member of the band Massive Attack. If you also don't know, Massive Attack is a popular and successful rock band. This means that the band tours around the world. So, here's my proposed test:

1st, get all the dates that Banksy put up graffiti and where he did so. For instance, London, 3/11/24 -- I just made this date up. Next, have all touring dates of Massive Attack and that it's confirmed Del Naja was on stage. For instance, Massive Attack is going to be in Helsinki, Finland on May 27th and Del Naja is expected to be on stage. Then, these two list of dates must coincide and there must be no contradictions. If, say, on one date Banksy left a graffiti on a wall in New York City, then Massive Attack must either have been touring in or near New York City or they must have been not touring. But, if Massive Attack, say, was in Singapore and Del Naja was on stage, then this is a contradiction.

Finally, simply see how many contradictions to these dates there are. If there are zero, then it's highly likely that Del Naja is Banksy. If there are many contradictions, then it's highly likely that he's not.

You've misrepresented the quote. Here is the full quote, from the second paragraph of the article:

"Dozens of those developers who spoke to Ars in recent months say they’re wary of traveling to a country that has shown a callous disregard for—or outright hostility toward—the safety of international travelers. That’s especially true for developers from various minority groups, those with transgender identities, and those who feel they could be targeted for outspoken political beliefs."

The reason you've misrepresented the quote is because these "dozens" may represent many more who don't attend. This is the question I asked and hasn't been answered, with quantitative data. That is, how many won't attend (as compared with previous years)? Then, this is also how you misrepresented the quote, by assuming that this represents data of the conference when it's only the number of people who were interviewed for the article."

The article only quotes people who aren't going to attend. There was no quantitative data presented, either from previous years or, especially, from previous years when international travelers may have had fears or concerns about visiting the US.

To be clear, am not discounting the concerns. I do think they're legitimate. But I also think it's important to get quantitative data on how many do attend the conference, how many are international attendees, and how this compares to previous years. Why is this important? Because it's a quantitative measure of how Trump is destroying the economy. That is, this is a measure that can't be directly made and has to be implicitly, through comparison with other years. And it's one that can only be made through the experience of the US going through a president as disastrous as Trump.

The IEEPA were the 70% of the tariffs that were ruled illegal. From what I understand, all tariffs that Trump issued were challenged. The ones not issued using IEEPA were ruled legal.

Here's a link that explains that Trump's tariffs on steel and aluminum were ruled legal: https://www.nbcnews.com/politi...

Regarding the 12 month delay to rescind the tariffs, I read this on a legal blog. I just did a search to provide the link and couldn't find it. So, this either means that this is wrong or I can't find the link. In any case, I should note, I didn't read the ruling to get this information but was provided by someone who did.

1) 30% of Trump's tariffs were ruled legal.

2) The administration has been given one year before the tariffs have to be rescinded.

Couldn't find this with a Google search so am asking: what's the statistical definition of clinical addiction? The plaintiffs, I presume, have to statistically demonstrate that the products of Meta and YouTube are "defective" (am using quotes because am unsure if this is the exact word used in the lawsuit) because they induce behavior that's similar to addictive products, such as drugs and alcohol.

So, surprisingly, I couldn't find a website that simply explains the statistical definition of clinical addiction. Does anyone have a link to one?

First, I haven't read the article. If someone has a non-paywalled source, it would be appreciated. In any case, this seems to be circular reasoning. That is, if the students were selected by this system of schools because they excel, then how does one know that the reason they excel are reasons that are independent of the school? In other words, proof of the independence of the excellence is not taking students who are already excelling and proving that they excel, but taking students who are performing poorly and then demonstrating that they can excel.

Also, this high degree of achievement has also been demonstrated with students who graduate from Harvard. I do know that a study exists to find whether the students who were selected by Harvard would have succeeded, regardless of the education they received at the university. The answer, if I remember correctly, was yes they would. I tried finding this using a Google search and couldn't find it. Because i have a real job (trademarked), I don't have a lot time to spend on it. So, if someone recalls this famous study and could a link, it would also be appreciated.

It seems that when you click "report" on WhatsApp, a screenshot is taken of the message. That is, the "report" feature is used for presumably illegal content or content that's against WhatsApp rules. And these messages are the purpose of the moderators.

This link somewhat describes the process. I've inferred that it must be a screenshot: https://faq.whatsapp.com/91903...

Nonetheless, WhatsApp DOESN'T clearly state the technical details of how "report" works. This, I think, is the primary problem. That is, although WhatsApp states that end-to-end encryption isn't disabled when a message is shared, it doesn't state a) how the message is shared b) what exactly WhatsApp has access to c) how long it's stored d) who has access to these messages

In other words, if you assume that WhatsApp uses end-to-end encryption, then using the "report" button may be the equivalent of a side channel attack. You don't need access to the private keys. An attacker only has to have access to the "report" feature. Then, you can presumably take a screenshot of any message and send it in a plaintext (unencrypted) file.