Comment The McEliece Cryptosystem (Score 1) 262
is a public key system that is resistant to quantum fourier sampling attacks (ie. attacks of the type Shor discovered). That's not to say it's resistant to quantum mechanical attacks, but that if it is, nobody knows what the attack looks like.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McEliece_cryptosystem
http://arxiv.org/abs/1008.2390