(Okay, seems I made a mistake... or Firefox did. Result is a truncated posting, no idea why, to which the entire original text is now my reply. Perhaps some good moderator can mend this mess?)
Reading Doctorow's 'Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom' to my daughter as a bedtime story when he published it, I recall that somewhere around the middle of the book she started asking me how it was that restoring from a backup to a new body, no matter how fresh the backup, would result in a continuity of awareness for the individual involved. Not my girl's words exactly, but that was her meaning. I had been struggling with this question since almost the beginning of the book, and to some extent had been for years earlier whenever the question of immortality outside the original body/brain came up in speculative fiction or mainstream scientific discussion. It just does not make sense, that something so subtle as thought can be dumped into another container and somehow continuity is experienced. Surely the original brain's death marks the being's death. The successfully transferred memory or being or self into the new machine or clone is simply starting a new life... which happens to have the same memories as the poor sap who just died, and considers itself to _be_ that same guy. Of course that latter part is an error of awareness, of perspective, very tempting to think of as continuity but it is an error to be sure. So what did I tell her? We discussed it, shared a bit of sadness that this mechanism would not provide us anything like immortality, and tried to enjoy the rest of the book anyway. More recently, John Scalzi brought us the 'Old Man's War' version of passing along the same awareness in a new body. Same sort of thing, different mechanism and schedule. A live dump, taking out the middleman of a backup being stored somewhere, replacing that with nearly simultaneous death in the old body and birth in the new. Enjoyable fiction, but no sale. Some pretty explanations and excuses but it's still a MacGuffin, a magic substituting for reason, wishful thinking. I find it strange that these, and some of the other worthy works of fiction she mentions in the essay, fail to acknowledge such an obvious fatal flaw. Surely it'd not be so difficult to have the brain's structure and functions 'flow' into a new warehouse somehow, you know, using pretty prose and making it sound all sciencey and stuff. Keep the cells, preserve the connections between them, just mess with the physical shape and even matter state of it, making it electric soup instead of jello. With a bit of buckminsterfullerene thrown in and some nifty cool fusion to supply power, someone could cook us up a more viable image of immortality. You know, until the real thing gets released in beta.