And what sort of PhD student doesn't do so much as back up to a flash drive every so often?
As someone who has been through that grinder, I'd guess: probably the vast majority of PhD students. Most students I knew, including myself, had a mess of papers strewn on their desk and multiple versions of experiment data, source code and half-written documents stored on their computers.
I almost lost months of work when my PC's spinning-rust hard drive died (literally when I was halfway through the writeup stage). Luckily I had been storing the most important stuff on Dropbox and emailing bits and pieces to my supervisor etc. I'd also started using Git to store the thesis itself (it was just LyX files + bibtex + a ton of images and graphs).
One of the IT desk guys gave me a new hard drive AND an external eSATA interface to try recovering data from the old disk, which turned out to be a winner -- I was able to get back nearly all of the most important files. I've known a few people who were not so lucky and actually did lose months of work in similar situations. One guy in our lab lost over a year of work and quit his PhD (I know -- how?? -- but...).
So... yeah, PhD students, and possibly even moreso faculty, aren't known for their careful organisation and backup habits.
This, and I haven't yet RTFA, but my initial reaction to the idea is...isn't this idea of pulsing a motor similar to periodically touching your gas pedal, and isn't that less efficient than a constant flow?
Periodically using your gas pedal can actually can be more efficient than a constant flow. Some hypermilers use a technique called "pulse and glide", which involves accelerating up to a certain speed (the "pulse"), then coasting until you've slowed to some threshold (the "glide"), then repeating the cycle. According to the hypermiling techniques article on Wikipedia:
The pulse-and-glide strategy is proven to be an efficient control design both in car-following and free-driving scenarios, with 20% fuel saving.
The problem is in part due to Apple and Google. They charge fees, and have rules that discourage micro-transactions. At one point Apple was taking 30%.
I don't think that's really the issue. Going back to your nickels and dimes analogy, those physical machines for selling chewing gum, toys etc, had much worse overheads than 30%. In fact, when Apple came out with the App Store initially and announced they were "only" taking 30%, the general reception was quite positive since access to the marketplace, as well as the complexities of payment and updates, are usually worth that cut. I'm not an Apple fan, but I can't deny the commercial benefits of the App Store approach, especially for small businesses.
You're right that micro-transactions can be used for both good and evil, when they manipulate people's tendency toward gambling-type addictive behaviour. I'm not sure if there's a general technical solution to this -- instead, we need to keep calling out abusive companies (NerdCubed did a good job at this when it came to mobile re-releases of Rollercoaster Tycoon and Dungeon Keeper) and perhaps have tougher review criteria on the Apple and Android app stores.
Sometimes people's values are so highly in conflict with those of their employers that the employment situation really isn't tenable. It's hard to work in a kosher deli if you spend your evenings advocating for another Jewish holocaust!
Although I'd agree with you that it's a good idea to work for a company whose values you agree with, I think many of the examples we're seeing of people being forced out of their jobs are absolutely not in the level of value conflict you mentioned.
For example, according to an article on Reuters about the aftermath of the Capitol storming:
Libby Andrews, a real estate agent from Chicago, was fired by @properties and removed from its website, even though she had done nothing wrong and had not entered the capitol, she said in an interview.
Paul Davis, a lawyer at Westlake, Texas-based Goosehead Insurance, used a social media account to broadcast his participation at the capitol, saying that he had been teargassed. A Goosehead spokesperson confirmed Davis had been fired.
I dislike these people and what they stand for, but at the same time I don't see how those who participated only in the peaceful protest part were justifiably fired by their employers. At least, those two examples don't seem like Holocaust-advocators being fired from a Kosher deli, but rather, cowardly employers throwing their staff under the bus immediately to appease a Twitter mob who disliked their politics. We're seeing articles of "Twitter sleuths" trying to doxx people based on photos from outside the Capitol, and I don't think that's cool... but they have a right to free speech, including their demands that people be fired for having opinions they dislike. The blame doesn't really lie with them, but rather with the employers who accede to their demands just to avoid bad PR, often breaking employment law in the process.
Going after these people is whack-a-mole. It's impossible. What you need to do is go after the platforms that host them. That allow their nonsense and harm to reach millions. Simply make ISPs, Facebook, Twitter & Google liable for criminal and civil prosecution for what is published on their sites. Presto, those corporations will start dealing with the scum and the sites will revert to their original purpose - Cat videos and soccer pictures for grandma.
In other words, what we need is a completely authoritarian system of censorship and punishment for people publicly expressing ideas we find disagreeable. Interesting.
Nearly the entire world passed laws and regulations to severely curtail going out, to limit how much contact people have with others, precisely because not doing so is grossly negligent. The mere fact that they felt those rules were needed is prima facie evidence that not complying with similar rules while unvaccinated is gross negligence.
Lockdowns and related regulations were never intended to completely, permanently eliminate the risk of people being infected. They were initially intended to stem the tide of infections all happening at once -- remember everyone using the phrase "flattening the curve"? We passed that point, and governments followed different approaches -- some with very few restrictions (leading to mass infections like in the US), others with extremely harsh restrictions to try to "stamp out" infections completely (for a while at least), and others with moderate restrictions to just keep the pandemic under some sort of control until a vaccine arrives.
Your attempt to connect the dots from lockdown restrictions to "going shopping while unvaccinated == gross negligence" is entirely absurd. By that point almost everyone who wants a vaccine will have gotten one (otherwise, it'd obviously be completely unreasonable to accuse unvaccinated shoppers of negligence). So who exactly is being put at risk, apart from other anti-vaxxers -- the people you're already accusing of gross negligence? Are you saying anti-vaxxers should be prosecuted or imprisoned for putting other anti-vaxxers at risk?
You don't have a right to put anyone else's life at risk without that person's express consent.
How can anti-vaxxers be putting vaxxers' lives at risk? They can only endanger OTHER ANTI-VAXXERS, who have made a free and conscious decision not to be vaccinated. Now, you may think they're making a stupid decision, and I would agree, but you can't put them in the same category as drunk drivers.
Honestly, I think you're trading away an insane amount of individual freedom for a very small increase in safety in a very small proportion of the population. I'm amazed at how tolerant people have become of increasingly authoritarian scenarios.
Shunning them should be sufficient. No vaccine? No concerts or airplane rides for you.
I'll be taking the vaccine because it makes sense to me, but your position is entirely ludicrous. Why on earth do you think airlines and concert organisers should expect to know people's medical history?
If you don't give a damn about other members of your society, society should not give a damn about you.
Also ludicrous. If "other members of your society" means people who are not anti-vaxxers, then what exactly is the problem? They'll be taking the vaccine so they're not going to be affected much by the anti-vaxxers' choice not to take the vaccine. The only possible injury to "other members" of society is the added burden on the medical system. But in that case you could make the same argument about smoking, drinking, eating unhealthily etc.
The only people who are likely to suffer due to anti-vaxxers' choices are other anti-vaxxers. But they're making a free choice, so why not leave them alone instead of calling for a completely draconian invasion of people's medical history by all elements of society? Do you want to live in an Orwellian nightmare of authoritarianism? Because I don't.
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