No, they didn't. Don't forget that studios get about 50% of the domestic box office receipts, and only about one-third of foreign receipts. Advertising and marketing are not counted in the costs to make a movie, those are on top of the stated price and usually range to at least 75% of the original budget. Take King Arthur from your list. 39 million US means only 19.5 mil in revenue for the studio domestically, 107 million foreign means only 36 more. That totals 55.5 million without including marketing costs. Since the production costs were 175 million, the marketing costs were likely in the 100 mil range. The studio therefore spent 275 million on this project, but only recouped 55. That is a massive loss.
The other films in your list may have fared a little better, but not by much. Even Transformers didn't do very well if you run the numbers. 130 mil / 2 = 65 mil domestic, + 473 / 3 = 157 mil foreign, for a total take of 222 mil. The production cost was 217 mil, and 150 mil spent on marketing. That means 367 mil total spent on that film, but an actual loss of 145 mil.
Some of these films will continue to recover costs for years in media sales, rentals, pay-per-view, etc., but they are very unlikely ever to turn a profit.