If neutrinos can pass through thousands of miles of solid rock without apparently being affected by it, how are you going to make a receiving antenna of any practical size?
Well we know from the FTL neutrino saga that it can be done. The idea I believe is that if the beam can be focused enough you make up for it by sending a massive quantity of neutrinos and hoping that just one of them hits... A bit like a telescope taking a picture with exposure times on order of minutes to hours.
For the neutrino sources on earth I forget exactly how it works but the signature you get in the detector registers a double hit that allows you to separate it from noise of other sources so these things don't need to be burried under thousands of feet of rock either as they are normally.
There are a couple of ways you can detect neutrinos. The easiest to imagine is chenerkov radiation. To understand this, acknowledge that the speed of light slows down in different mediums - water for example. A neutrino traveling through water moves faster than light through the water (but still slower than c). The neutrino creates - in essence - a shock wave behind it as it travels through water. As the light hits the shock wave, it is defracted and emits light of different colors - other various wavelengths. By looking at the amount of diffraction, you can indirectly measure the amount of shock waves --> amount of neutrinos.
A formal parsing algorithm should not always be used. -- D. Gries