Comment: All Materiel is subject to the laws of economics. (Score 1) 699
All military equipment is subject to the laws of economics: each piece of equipment, from guns to tanks to aircraft carriers are subject to tradeoffs between weight, power, size, affordability and lethality--which is why, for example, the U.S. has a variety of different sized ships with different functions, rather than just floating a few thousand general-purpose aircraft-carrier sized ships that do everything.
So when envisioning space war, it's going to be the same sort of tradeoffs dictated by economics and by physics: very large, heavy and well shielded (read: very think bulkheads with lots of iron) ships that serve as carrier vessels and the like, surrounded by a periphery of smaller ships which serve as a sort of "forward guard" to the heavy capital ships, in much the same way that a U.S. aircraft carrier sails with a whole bunch of support ships.
Further, because blowing something up will always be easier than guarding something, the things that will deliver bombs (small airplanes) will always be smaller, lighter and more maneuverable than their (much much much) bigger targets. That's especially true in space, where you don't need to run your thrusters continuously, but can just be carried along by momentum. And because life support is going to be very expensive (since you have to carry everything with you, not just food and power, but air as well), and (assuming there is no artificial gravity) only the large capital ships will be able to spin like a top to simulate gravity, most of the smallest ships will be cheap drones. (In fact, I could envision a world where only the largest capital ships carry people, mostly marines, for when you actually have to put boots on the ground.)
Beyond that, most materiel has developed over the years in response to new defensive or offensive challenges. Star-configuration castles where developed in response to heavier artillery; aircraft carriers developed when timeliness and range prevented putting planes over foreign territory. In space, I would expect a lot of emphasis on electronic and optical surveillance (especially on the forward facing ships in the outer perimeter of the protective zone around a capital ship), along with laser-based inter-ship communications (to reduce the EM footprint), and I would expect a constant rotation of larger "battleship" like ships (smaller and more nimble than the capital ships, mostly rigged with a lot of bombs) to the main capital ship, so that the crew can go back to simulated gravity on a regular basis. I would also expect high-powered lasers, very powerful railguns and other measures to throw fragments into the air in order to protect capital ships against attack.