I didn't read the article yet, but in general a negative pressure in a liquid means that you're trying to pull it apart with external forces, a bit like a solid under tension. Usually an unstable situation, since a cavitation bubble would be energetically favorable.

You just split off the hindmost car at each station. Or for those who enjoy spoon-feeding: Say you have a train line with 8 stations, call them station 0..7. Typically, station 0 and 7 are big cities, station 1..6 are small ones. Start the train at station 0 with 6 cars, call them 1..6, where 6 is at the front of the train, 1 at the back. If you're going to station no. n, get into car no. n. If you're going to station 7, get into any car. Car no. n gets split off from the rest of the train at station no. n. The split-off cars continue their journey after their stop and join up with previously split-off cars from the same train once they regain cruise speed. At station 7, the whole train stops.

Advantage: All stations 1..6 get connected nonstop to cities 0 and 7, while passengers going from 0 to 7 only need to stop once. Of course, this requires each car to be motorized and automatically controlled. Also, it only works if you're going from station 0 to n or from station n to 7, not from n to m. Additionally, the idea is surely not original so feel free to google that for me.

In Norway for example, patients can freely choose their primary care doctor and hospital, and the money follows the patient, so the incentives are the same.

Health systems in the (rest of) EU are also state run - so this explanation doesn't quite explain the observation, which I have heard before and therefore believe: That antibiotic use in Scandinavia is less prevalent than the (rest of the) EU.

... that HIV sounds better?

You can't revoke a non-revokable license agreement, i.e. the agreement between company X and anyone who's downloaded the product. However, the agreement only applies to whatever they've downloaded and nothing impedes the copyright holder from making different agreements with other licensees, in practice in conjunction with new versions.

IANAL, but... I suppose there is a copyright notice in there somewhere. Is it Copyright (C) 20xx My Old Employer Inc. or Copyright (C) 20xx My Name? Whoever has the copyright gets to choose the license for future versions. If it's your name in the copyright notice, you probably have a better case than if it's theirs.

So, you're a pirate and the merchant ships have started firing back and sinking your colleagues. What's your next move? Might I suggest that you bring a couple of hostages, staff from one of the ships you currently have captured perhaps. Now, that makes everything a bit more complicated, doesn't it?

It seems people just don't want to contemplate the most likely sender of this packet. North Korea have launched numerous rockets in the past, some of them flying over Japan, causing a lot of anger and concern. They are predictably unpredictable and less than a month ago called a us-led naval exercise off its coast a "declaration of war". Whether this is a response or perhaps last month's harsh words were a run-up to a long planned demonstration. Either way, it's the only explanation that makes sense.

California may be west of many things, but last time I checked it was on the east side of the Pacific.