Comment Re:"Contrary to what we were sometimes taught" (Score 1) 232
The "gravity constant" that you are describing is the gravity acceleration at the earth surface due to the earth (where you may or may not have subtracted the centripetal acceleration due to the earth rotation) which changes with the position on earth mainly due to the fact that the distance from the surface to the center of the earth is changing (due to flattened at the poles and bulges at the equator). So this is more a change with location than a change with time. The ESA studies is more about the measurement of the earth gravitation from "outside" the earth, to create a model for orbit evolution with time. (Jn parameters, with n>= 2) And they study this evolution in time, for all location. So it's not exactly the same.
(Anyway, the g that you talk about can be seen as an evaluation of the Jx modelisation at earth surface so this is of course related. Bu the study is more about time change than space change)