For a person that seems to want gender equality you seem to be using a lot of gender stereotypes.
That's the risk one takes when answering a question like "what is the difference between women and men." I said I'm not an expert and only telling you what I remember experts saying. There is a subtle point, though, on which I want to insist: to say there is no difference between population A and population B is the same as saying population B must conform 100% to the expectations of population A. Leaving gender aside for a moment, I think we can agree that someone from a rural upbringing can be expected to be a little different from someone with an urbringing, or someone from the West Coast is probably a little different from someone from the East Coast. Americans who go to work in the UK often struggle to fit in due to cultural differences. I don't think it's insulting or denigrating or sterotyping to try to enumerate what those differences are.
The issue of women in STEM is just a sub-category of the broader issue of diversity in the workplace. It would be great if everyone could be themselves and not have their career suffer for it. I think you and I are coming from the same place on that point. All I'm trying to say is that everyone has to conform a little bit in order to succeed, and the greater the differences between an individual the norm of the group, the harder it is to conform.
That pressure is called life, in other fields women don't have problems competing and STEM fields are no different.
STEM is a little different in that the gender imbalance is stronger -- and that's only true in certain areas of STEM. Biology and neuroscience have more women than engineering.
The difference between you and I is that I think women are more then capable of succeeding with out everyone else stopping what they are doing to help a person that is more then capable of succeeding on their own.
I'm not saying that women need help, actually. I'm saying everyone needs to be judged objectively on performance, and there are unconscious biases that get in the way of that. The more homogeneous the workforce, the more persistent those biases are.
I once had the pleasure of working with a male intern from a certain country in sub-Saharan Africa. Great guy, smart, hard-working, fast learner, funny, and *extremely* polite. For one reason or another, he was very different in his mannerisms from the other males on the team. He was very passive, very deferential. If you gave him any criticism, including constructive criticism, he would avert his eyes and apologize. In order to advance in my workplace, he was sooner or later going to have to learn how to argue with his boss. When I knew him, he seemed a long way off from that point. But the expectation in my workplace was you have to stand up for yourself, and it was clear that in his background and upbringing, he'd not been taught how to do that.
If the attitude of my team had been, "fuck it, he has to act like everybody else because that's how we do it," I think he would have had a lousy internship. But instead what people did was recognize his differences and meet him halfway. Instead of expecting him to butt into a conversation, people would pause and ask him directly, "what do you think?" When he gave a presentation, people didn't interrupt, they held questions till the end. Over the few months he appeared to become more confident, at least more used to our styles of communication, and he fit in better.
That's an extreme example, but it's what I'm talking about. Let people be themselves and be willing to change our behavior a little to help them fit in.