It would seem that if your business has an interest in the direction that something like OpesnSSL is going, then said business will provide developers to work on it. While there are always going to be freeriders, they don't cost you any more to the develop the software than if there were not. On the other hand, if you owned the software instead of relying on the community to do the brunt of the development work for you, then you would be in a position to sell it to the supposed freeloaders. Of course, your costs would go up to develop it totally in house and there is no guarantee they would pay versus going elsewhere. It seems like everybody wins with the current system.

Because they aren't biologists or some other -ist.

It's ironic that if news networks simply reported the news instead of editorializing it, they wouldn't be liberal or conservative, they would just be news.

$24 million sounds like a lot, but it is just a fraction of what was lost to hackers. Tor is an easy target, though, it will have little impact. It lets the country think something is being done, but it will have little impact. It's kind of like going after college kids for downloading songs and movies when in SE Asia, they are being duplicated by the truck load for resale.

Tor just makes it hard to track who did it. Banks and financial institutions need to beef up their security regardless of tor or not.

Simulations have always been part of science. They are called mathematical models and they usually exist until a better, more refined model comes about.

Even an outer planet of a class M star that had an atmosphere at some point and drifted into what would be the goldilocks zone for water would not retain its atmosphere (and water) for long. As other posters have mentioned, class M stars are relatively low mass and there for have huge solar flares that would bombard said planet, thus blowing away the atmosphere. Even if such a planet was lucky enough to survive that, by the time that activity has declined, the star has cooled significantly and said planet would be too cold for liquid water. That is assuming, of course, that such a star would have enough mass for there to even be outer planets that could form and then fall inward.

What do the schools that the elite attend do? Do the current 1% still teach cursive? If the future business and world leaders are still being taught cursive, shouldn't the other 99%? Or, is it that in the future, only some will be taught how to read and write and the rest will have menial jobs?

Literacy is the ability to read and write.

Usually the staff of ALS ambulances have more training than regular ambulances. Obviously, they have less than an emergency room physician. What needs to be studied is locality and transit time. Does an ALS make sense in rural areas, where the nearest hospital is 30 minutes away? Does it provide a better mortality rate than a helicopter (which costs significantly more)? Or maybe, it's just the opposite where ALS is more effective in metropolitan areas where heavy traffic congestion can make a relatively short trip take a long time.

Even the article itself stated that more research needs to be performed before determining that ALS is better or worse. Limited data often limits the validity of the results. The known facts are that only 10% of people who have a cardiac arrest outside the hospital survive it, regardless of how they were transported there. There appears to be a higher mortality rate associated with ALS than not. However, it is not clear whether that is a causation or a correlation. To understand that, there are many additional factors that need to be taken into account.

For instance mortality rates are higher on helicopter ambulances, too. Does that mean they shouldn't be used? No, of course not. They have higher mortality rates because they tend to be used for more severe injuries to start with. Until a proper study is conducted, anyone's guess is as good as anyone else's.

Would you have preferred waiting to regain consciousness and walking their yourself? Yes, ambulances can be expensive, but you are paying for depreciation, salaries, benefits and ongoing training of the staff, fuel, maintenance, liability and malpractice insurance and various other costs.

While the methodology used for the original inquiry (I hesitate to use the word study) is non-statistical and therefore impossible to validly extrapolate from, so is the methodology used to debunk the original. At best, both reports provide anecdotal evidence, but without a statistically valid approach, either could be correct or both could be wrong.

You are correct, that's what happens when you don't actually review after hitting the preview button! :)

So did the oxygen simply appear out of nowhere (he asks rhetorically)? Of course not. If it was somehow trapped in the oceans or underground, and then released as postulated by these papers, then one must explain the mechanism that would have dissolved and/or trapped the O2 to start with. What was different about Pre-Cambrian oceans that allowed for more oxygen to be dissolved in it than modern oceans? What caused the release and the change to what we have now? Likewise, what mechanisms in tectonic plates shifting would account for a massive release of oxygen and from where?

I am not saying these hypothesis being presented are incorrect, but they need to be able to explain the before as well as the after.

But you must still defend your mark and Gnome the open source project desktop environment and also GnomeOS the operating system are pretty similar sounding to the GNOME point of sale system which includes the GNOME operating system per the article. While most of us could see that Apple Records and Apple Computer were two unrelated things, the courts found Apple Records to infringe on Apple Computer's mark. Likewise, McDonalds has fought very hard to protect its mark and also to expand it. Or, when Starwars first came out, it was a book and a movie. Now, it includes all sorts of merchandise that is anything but the book and movie. Ford could not come out and advertize a Darth Vader F-150 without getting into trouble, even though a pickup has nothing to do with the franchise.

Groupon is advertising an open source software project called GNOME that is an operating system for a point of sale system, that runs on a tablet. It is conceivable that Gnome Foundation will also wave a version of their Desktop environment that runs on a tablet or could be the foundation for somebody else's point of sale system. As such, Gnome Foundation is well within their rights to protect their mark and actually if they failed to do so, could lose their mark.

I'm pretty sure if Groupon named their POS system WINDOWS, nobody would bat an eye at Microsoft defending their mark, even though Microsoft's desktop environment is not the same thing as a point of sale system.

With trademarks, one must defend them or lose them.

One must protect their trademark or risk losing it. That is why we now have Jello brand gelatin and Band-Aids brand bandages. Apple Computer successfully defended it's trademark against Apple Records which was founded by the Beatles and those two categories were a lot further apart than Gnome the desktop environment, GnomeOS (put out by the Gnome foundation) and Gnome the point of sale operating system.

That explanation fails as a home is only passed on to one child, if at all. The microbes are passed on to all offspring. I do not doubt that the microbes are passed on, just that they are considered heritable. On the other hand, if there is a condition or environment in the gut of the offspring that allows some microbes to flourish over other microbes, then that would be heritable. But, the microbes, themselves are not heritable.

They are transferable, but not heritable. For instance, if in vitro fertilization is used and the embryo implanted in a surrogate mother, the microbes that are transferred are from the surrogate, not the biological mother. The offspring inherits the gut environment that might allow one type of microbe to flourish over another, but not the microbes themselves.

This is further evidenced by the fact that identical twins end up with the same microbes, but fraternal twins do not. The mother, as do we all, have most of the microbes in question. It is a matter of which ones can thrive. Identical twins end up with identical guts, fraternal twins do not. As such, identical twins end up with the same flora, but not necessarily for fraternal twins (they may end up with similar gut environments).

In short, it is the gut environment that allows for certain microbes to flourish over others that is heritable, not the microbes themselves.