I last read every Heinlein I could find, and he used some odd words. I could figure them out by context, but the real meaning is so much more interesting.
And few people later go find the definition. So many people have no idea what a whole pile of their vocabularies mean, really. And it gets mis-used.
And now, the word "literally" literally means absolutely nothing. "Beg the question" is not a logical fallacy. A instead of a good horror movie, a bad comedy can be called "terrible".
I accept that words lose their meaning, but I don't have to support the means by which words lose their meaning.
You can be amazingly concise and write or speak with specific clarity in the English language, just because of the amazing selection of words available. And although I'm familiar with several languages, I won't be embarrassed to be wrong about this, but almost every language seems to have synonyms with different shades of meaning.
but is that actually learning? Did they lose track of the narrative by this distraction?
You sound like you are passionate about something very specific here and have not shared that something, or you are completely ignorant. Yes, it is learning. And I don't know if they lost track. If they have that short of an attention span then they need practice not losing track.
In what way is this different from having a dictionary next to you in case someone uses an unfamiliar word? Oh wait, don't answer that, it's faster.
Especially with my reader, the one that people seem to forget about. E-ink with offline dictionary. I can't accidentally get trapped in TV Tropes or Wikipedia clicking on the next interesting thing, and I don't have LED/LCD fatigue, and I'm not kept awake from the blue component of the white lighting.
You need data and specifics, or you're just posting an instinctive knee-jerk reaction based on something someone else said once that resonated with you.
"Learn words by context" leads to too many problems for me to take a proponent seriously. Especially in the context of a literature student. A literature student should not ever do that. A literature student should look up the definition, establish which one fits precisely, especially given the era and style of the work, since words evolve. And then if they lost the narrative, they go back and find it.
You can't move on unless you understand what the author was communicating. I have lost track of the plots of novels because I misunderstood a word, and verified it later. Very few, but they didn't quite have the impact they should have.