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Comment Re:why protons and not neutrons? (Score 5, Informative) 115

so if the only difference is one is udd and the other is uud, then the "mass" in each is the same I suppose.

Very nearly. The mass of the proton is 938 MeV; the neutron is 939 MeV. And the physics at a proton-neutron or neutron-neutron collider would be very similar to that at a proton-proton collider. But neutrons are neutral, as you and others have pointed out, and therefore much more difficult to accelerate.

Now you could imagine a collider with a stationary neutron target and a high-energy proton beam. But remember that what you get out depends on the energy as measured in the center-of-mass frame of the colliding particles. To reach the LHC design energy of 14 TeV, you can collide two protons, each with an energy of 7 TeV in the lab frame, or you can collide a neutron at rest and a proton with an energy of ... excuse me while I dig out my TI-85 ... 104 PeV. Holy cow. I don't think anyone here has any idea how to get a 100-PeV beam in a working collider experiment, and I'm sure we don't have the money. So protons it is.

And each would contain roughly the same exotic particles as the other.

I think there's a misconception here. Protons (and neutrons) don't "contain" Higgs bosons, or W and Z bosons, or top quarks, or high-pT jets, or any of the other interesting things that we see at the Tevatron and will see at the LHC. These things are created from the kinetic energy of the two colliding protons. But otherwise yes, if you could find a way to build a neutron collider, you'd see pretty much the same stuff as at a proton collider of the same energy.

Oh, and I must rant:

Please don't call it the "God particle". This unfortunate nickname was coined as a marketing ploy and is not apt. Physicists do not call it the God particle. Reporters call it the God particle. And the main result is that people become confused, frightened, or angry.

I'm tempted to point out that if you're interested in a theory describing the universe we happen to live in, the Higgs boson is far more likely to be relevant than string theory. But maybe I should leave that discussion for another thread.

Comment Re:THIS IS SERIOUS BUSINESS (Score 1) 224

I don't happen to have a Sears catalog handy at the moment, but I expect they sell something containing carbon, of which the most abundant isotope is carbon-12, a bound state of six protons, six neutrons, and six electrons. 6+6+6 = 18, an even number; thus C-12 is a boson.

Do you really think they could stay in business selling only fermions? In this economy?

Comment Re:One more nail in the coffin.... (Score 2, Interesting) 853

Well, somebody's gotta run in 2012, and most of the likely candidates are not too appealing. Not sure about that name though: "President eth1" doesn't exactly roll off the tongue.

Some thoughts on your agenda:

- Constitutional amendment: single-issue bills only.

I support the spirit of this proposal, but I worry that such an amendment would necessarily be so vague as to be easily abused. Who defines what an "issue" is? It's easy to imagine Congress defining "issue" very broadly and continuing to pass their over-9000-page porxtravaganzas, and one can also imagine a court defining issue very "narrowly" and striking down otherwise reasonable laws.

- Constitutional amendment: 10 year sunset clause on ALL federal laws.

The automatic-sunset idea is intriguing, but it's also prone to abuse. We would probably just acquire a new tradition, wherein a whole slew of laws are rubber-stamped for renewal on the first day of each Congress, with the only results being that some junior members get gavel practice and the poor President gets writer's cramp.

(create an upper bound on the number of laws that the federal gov't can maintain)

How do you choose what the upper bound should be? And what happens when the Elbonians invade and Congress can't declare war because they're already at quota? I tend to favor the approach of just sticking to the enumerated powers, although admittedly that hasn't worked out as well as one might have hoped.

- Move elections to an instant-run-off system so voters don't feel they have to try to game the system

I believe the advocates of instant runoff voting have the best of intentions but are betting on the wrong horse. IRV is the only widely proposed voting system that is arguably worse than our current system, and certainly it won't eliminate gaming the system. In my book, range voting is the best system, and approval voting is nearly as good, with the added bonus that it's very easy to understand and wouldn't require changing ballot designs (which could be relevant to persuading people to accept a change). For those who may be interested, Wikipedia has a pretty good set of articles, and check out these pretty pictures of the bizarre things that can happen under IRV.

- Move election day to July 4th. More people vote because they're off work. Can celebrate *getting* freedom and *keeping* it.

Of course they're also on vacation, at barbecues, eating dozens of hot dogs, shooting off fireworks, etc. Many will be too busy loving America by means of combustible projectiles to love America by means of throwing the bums out.

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