Well, you "randomly" chose words that descend from Latin and Greek (because most of the words in your list are derived from Latin since this was the universal language of scholars in universities). Especially since French has evolved from (mostly) Latin.
It would be more fair to compare the Bask and Welsh or Gaelic words.
That said, I can understand the need to preserve some purity in a given language. It's part of your heritage/culture (the French are chauvinistic any way you look at it) and even though language evolves should that mean that it should morph to another language if your own language has words to describe the same action/object?
Just a few examples that aren't scientific terms where the likeness between English and Icelandic is more prevalent and French much less so:
- computer = micro-ordinateur = tölvu
- hammer = marteau = hamar
- bread = pain = brauð
corn = mais = maís
- coat = manteau = kápu
- umbrella = parapluie = regnhlíf