In the early days of US nuclear bomb testing, no one knew what effect the bomb would actually have. So they built up a test around the bomb test tower. They parked Sherman? tanks at 1000 yards from the tower, manned them with volunteers, and asked the volunteers to seal their own tanks.
They had a trench at 2000 yards? 8 to 12 feet deep, covered with canvas tarps, and had volunteers at the bottom of the trench.
They built a TOWN 2 miles out and completely furnished it, inside and out, and had a company (Dukane Corp) instrument it completely so they could measure the effects inside the buildings.
When the time for the test came, they asked photographers to stand 7 miles out and take photos and movies of the test. The Dukane engineer in charge of the instrumenting was one of the photographers.
They told the photographers to face away from the bomb blast, wear dark glasses they gave them, close their eyes, and not open them until told.
The bomb blast went off. The heat wave rolled out and set fire to the canvas tarps, so the soldiers in the bottom of the trenches had burning tarps falling on them (Oops). They said later that they hung on to the ground for dear life as it tossed around 10 feet in every direction. The soldiers in the tanks lived and were interviewed ass well.
When the heat pulse hit the town, it set the paint on fire, but passed so quickly that the fires went out. they had not had time to reach self-sustaining.
When it hit the photographers, it singed the hair on the backs of their heads.
The photographers then thought it was ok for them to open their eyes. But the bomb light output was still increasing, and they said it went out 14 miles, bounced off the mountain they were facing, and blinded them. One of the guys in the tanks said they forgot to close the big gun breach, and the light poured in like a liquid and filled up the tank, blinding them.
The Dukane engineer was the only photographer who had listened when they were told to us e# 5 or 6 sun filters on their cameras, so he got pictures and movies.
Because he had listened, (and because Dukane was in the audio business?), he was asked to interview the volunteer soldiers.
When he checked out the town instrumentation, he found that when the high pressure pulse in the air hit the wooden houses, it went through the walls like they were not there, and pushed everything into the center of the rooms. Then the vacuum pulse following the high pressure pulse hit the houses sucked everything back to the outside walls where stuff then fell down.
You can see the Dukane engineer's photos, movies, and listen to his interviews at the Smithsonian Museum. I worked for him, years later. He was white-haired. He was the calmest, quietest, solidest person I have ever met by far. How are you going to disturb a guy who was standing on ground zero?
So, yes, actually if Indiana Jones was in that town, like the movie had him, and he had jumped into a fridge, he would have survived just fine, even maybe without significant radiation damage.