The substance of the native rights argument is that Mauna Kea is venerated in Hawaiian culture in the same way that Fujiyama is venerated in Japanese culture. Having been on both mountains (and also Mt Graham) has given me an earth-level view of what actually takes place on them. Mauna Kea has had telescopes since 1968, when I was able to see the very first one going in. What else was up there at the summit? Absolutely nothing, except for the access road and other hikers - and unlike most other mountaintops, it's a vast area with a gentle slope. The most spectacular thing about it was the view, of the Big Island on one side and the Pacific on the other. In pre-colonial times everything above the treeline on it was reserved for the ali'i, the one-percenters of old Hawaii. Only now, in America, does the summit belong to the people, administrated by U of H under that 1960 agreement by which they have to preserve it from desecration.
Fujiyama is venerated also, and because of this is one of the busiest high mountains in the world. Every Japanese is morally obligated to climb it once in a lifetime, like Muslims going to Makkah. You take trains and a bus to about the midway point, and then climb through a series of five "stations" or resthouses, each one of them a romping hive of commercial activity. Japanese pilgrims buy a LOT of mementos. Every day of the summer climbing season there is a solid line of people coming up the one-way trail from the side facing Tokyo. You camp out at the top, and get up early to watch goraiko, the sunrise that is so special that it has a word of its own. There is a weather station and a radio complex at the top. At the moment of sunrise I could look back on an endless sea of cameras. Yes, people hauled tripods and big lens kits up there for the occasion.
The same set of people protesting Mauna Kea as protested GMOs and all the other tech that liberals hate, you say? Yes, that's exactly what happened here too. Nobody seemed to mind when the hunting lodge and the campground and the federal prison were built on Mt Graham, but the wackosphere erupted at the first sign of astronomical activity. Why, exactly, did they hate pure science more than they did a federal prison? I suppose for the same reason that your protesters hate pure science more than the annual dirt races on their mountain.