You don't need a preprocessor to have conditionally compiled code.

Yes, you do.

Because programmers make mistakes and "crazy_new_untested_code.c" may include everything from normal software bugs to syntax errors.

A preprocessor is the only way to ignore syntax errors.

C# supports your use-case (producing different code depending on symbols being defined)

Don't lie. The use case was:

the program will still compile and work just fine, no matter what crazy things the new guy who was hired to program "crazy_new_untested_code.c" does.

If the guy checks in some syntax error in C#, it will no longer compile. End of story.

With a preprocessor you can be absolutely SURE that some disabled code does not influence your program. And if the programmer only has write access to "crazy_new_untested_code.c" he does not even have a theoretical possibility of breaking it.

I have not seen any supposed "replacements" of preprocessors that can do that. These "replacements" are full of unrealistic assumptions straight from the ivory tower. (for example your assumption that all code that is checked in is syntactically correct)

The preprocessor makes code harder to understand, very hard to parse, and makes things like refactoring tools, static analysis tools, etc. much harder than they should be.

Preprocessor-code is much easier to understand than C++ templates. (Yes, I admit it - I have once looked at these template programming and I have long since forgotten about C++ templates) In fact the basic #ifdef structure is straightforward.

Another use-case:

typedef struct {
one int;
#ifdef GREATFEATURE
two int;
#endif
} mystructure;

In that case mystructure will be just as big as actually needed. Can you easily provide the same functionality with C++ templates? Probably not, you probably have to check some book and forum to come up with the code - if it's possible at all, which I'm not sure.

And that is the reason why C is still king for embedded software.

D may be "nicer" in some niche-aspects, but they destroy all that by dropping the preprocessor. Yes, I know that the snobists don't like it and think it's "outdated". Yet the preprocessor offers something that no other language feature offers: Because the preprocessor "creates" the C-code, you can do *everything* with it.

For example:

#ifdef UNTESTED_FEATURE
        #include "crazy_new_untested_code.c"
#endif

You know what?

If you unset UNTESTED_FEATURE, the program will still compile and work just fine, no matter what crazy things the new guy who was hired to program "crazy_new_untested_code.c" does. He still can check in his work, testers can try it out by setting UNTESTED_FEATURE, etc.

This is the reason why we keep using C after all these years. It's the only (major?) language with preprocessor.

Ground-based telescopes are "as good as Hubble" for some applications, better at some and worse at others.

Hubble is still one of the best telescopes ever.

For example the "Hubble deep field" would not be possible with a ground-based telescope, regardless of how good the software may be.

Usability depends on the user. I like it when I can customize it to fit my needs and there is absolutely zero need to have another Gnome with a different name.

I can't handle Gnome because it is a usability nightmare for me.

Similar story for me, I've bin a big fan of KDE 1 through 3, I delayed KDE 4 as long as I could and even after all those years it's still bugs, bugs, bugs.

Yet KDE is still the best desktop environment out there - but the lesson I have learned (and you probably too) is to only use KDE but not use any critical KDE applications. I also used KMail in KDE 3 but I migrated to Thunderbird because I have heard so many horror-stories about KMail in KDE 4.

Let's hope KDE 5 becomes more stable.

Not really, it was Hitler who removed the "unnatural"-clause in the homosexuality-paragraph 1935. That's no big surprise because most of his buddies were homos. Yes that is correct: before 1935, homosexuality was considered unnatural and you could lose your civil rights, afterwards it was just an ordinary minor crime. A big step for the LBGT movement.

And if you don't believe me, just look up the laws on Wikisource. This is not some conspiracy-nut war-propaganda, it's a law that was put on the books and everybody can check it - if they are interested in the truth, which most aren't.

The homos only got retroactively "victims" of the Nazis in the 1970s.

He also was a vegetarian and a fan of animal rights. A real progressive.

Exactly. Basically the Russians were greeted with open arms in Crimea, there was not a single death during that "invasion".

Compare that to the mess of Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Libya, etc.

But maybe that is the problem the Americans have with Crimea. They only stop nagging and criticizing when the country is in ruin and blood runs in the streets. They would love to drop some bombs on Crimea to show those bastards good old democracy.

It's only a disorder if it has a major negative impact on a person or society.

Well they have a high risk of becoming a murderer (about half of serial killers are homosexuals, which is an overrepresentation of about 1000-2500%) of becoming murdered (by aforementioned killers), of suicide and of sexually transferrable diseases.

To say that this is caused by "discrimination" is just flat out wrong, because the murder-rate tripled during the "sexual revolution", and did not decrease. Arguably a virus like AIDS could not have spread so wide and far before it as well. So the "reduction of discrimination" (which in the West has become special privileges already) actually decreased the homo-life expectancy, both because of murder and diseases. So it's the exact opposite of what you are claiming: Discrimination actually protected them from themselves.

People who are not brainwashed by Hollywood (for example the good people of Russia) know that. And now when the West has declared war on them, there is no longer a reason to suck up to the West.

Good for them.

What do you mean by 'decadent' here?

All Westernized peoples are incapable - despite all the ressources available - to replace themselves.

If a plant does not grow despite all external needs are met then we say it is sick, wouldn't you agree?

This sickness exists only for the last couple of generations, so it's clearly not genetic and therefore cultural, i.e. decadence.

Why should the 'decadence' of a language stop you from using it

Because it corrupts the children, plain and simple. It is the difference between your children and especially the daughters "seeking careers" (i.e. the decline or extinction of your family-line) and sleeping around (i.e. using unhealthy anti-baby pills, abortions, risk of sexual diseases) or starting families (i.e. the growth and survival of your family).

Just look at the USA: The founding population will become a minority in about 20 years. Are the people concerned about that? No, they even cheer on their own destruction.

In the 1960s, the murder-rate tripled and rapes and other crimes increased similarily. Are Americans concerned about that? No, they think the 1960s was progress and good. They don't care about their women being raped and murdered. In fact they even hide the identities of the perpetrators and concentrate on fake rape hoaxes instead.

The US constitution starts with "We, the people [..] and our posterity", but Americans don't care about their posterity anymore and the US has been turned into an "idea-nation", i.e. no nation at all.

Peoples willing to survive will only be able to do so when they distance themselves from Western mainstream culture and a different language is one way of doing that. There are other ways (religion, ideology, etc.) but a different language makes it much easier.

if it helps you pass your message across clearly, and if it does so better than many other languages because of its rich vocabulary?

The question is, is that advantage really worth all the above problems? When your daughter is depressed because of the anti-baby-pill and is becoming a drug addict because of it (I'm of course talking about 100% legal drugs from your doctor) is a job with a little bit more salary really worth that? There are millions of women in the US who are chronically depressed and are on drugs. And even if they can hold a good job for quite some time, may their drug addiction, their mental instability and their general unhappiness also endanger the "good job" they hold?

Millions of women take hormones to make them sterile and other drugs to combat the side effects of these hormones. And people don't question that, they say it's normal, that it's "liberating".

If you would do something like that to farm animals you would get jailed for abuse.

Voyager was not designed to go fast, so going 50 times faster is not as hard as it sounds.

"One AU is about 1.5e11 meters."

So you propose an environment that is baked 24/7 with the Sun at the zenith at all times? And you claim that that is desirable? Humans could only survive on that with pretty heavy airconditioning.

"If it was made of metal 1 cm thick"

Right. And it has to be airtight, it has to be somehow able to support plants, houses and streets - and withstand a constant bombardment of micrometeorites. All that on 1cm.
And it has to rotate at enormeous speeds to create gravity (which would not work at the poles anyway, so the poles would fall into the Sun).

"you would only need to dismantle two earth sized planets"

OK, then you have a huge sheet of 1cm thick bare metal. How many planets do we need to actually do something with it? Growing plants needs a little more than 1cm of soil. So the soil alone would take a couple of planets.

Currently we are covering the Earth with greenhouses because (drumroll) they provide a better (yes, I said it) environment for plants than nature does.

In 400,000 years, one can imagine most of the Earth covered by greenhouses.

Think about that for a moment.

So of course any space colonization will be based on greenhouses and not on terraforming or any other such nonsense.

If what you write were true, it would have happened a very long time ago.

But it didn't. Why?

Because a language is basically like a uniform that marks "us" vs. "them". It creates group cohesion and community.

To be exact any non-English language, because English is spoken by anybody anyway, therefore does not give any identity.

English-speakers everywhere (be it a native US or a cosmopolitan European or Chinese) are having very few children and are living in a destructive "pop culture" that is not very conducive for large families.

Non-English-speakers on the other hand are isolated from "pop culture" a lot better, therefore can have more stable and larger families - and are growing in all countries.

That trend can be seen everywhere. Traditional English speakers will be a minority in all the major English-speaking nations (US, UK, Australia). Maybe they can hold out and maintain a majority in New Zealand.

A good example are the Amish: Just 200 Swiss/Germans came to America and they did NOT assimilate. 200 years later they are 250,000 and still doubling every generation. That is only possible because they are isolated from the majority culture - and their ancient German dialect is one of the things that helps them do that: If the children don't understand Lady Gaga, they won't be influenced by her.

And that is the reason why no language replaced all the others: When the dominant culture/language becomes decadent, people have no other choice than to push other cultures/languages in order to survive.

True enough, but of course, that's not what happens, so... Effectively -- of course they can and do switch roles when memory is shared -- one is monitoring your ethernet, several are kicking in and out of httpd threads and/or processes, and so on for hundreds of OS tasks, and if you're like me, more than a few users tasks as well. For every task within a process that isn't hidebound by disk (and there are already a lot of them) having an additional available core is a very worthy thing.

Yeah, that's the theory.

In real life, my 6-core, 32 GB-RAM box swaps even the tiniest process to disk (which is of course SSD) so that even opening the KDE-menu takes ages after some time.

I think programmers are just too lazy to really use the hardware (which exists already today). For example the smart thing to do would be to make sure that the user interface is never swapped to disk. That would reduce available RAM only slightly but would dramatically improve performance.

But of course nobody does it because 1) their mind was closed by academia which preaches inefficient but supposedly programmer-friendly things like OO, scripting, one-size-fits-all frameworks etc. and 2) because everybody is hoping to squash every problem with faster hardware.

So it won't happen.

In 20 years, we will run huge machines that will slow down everything by running as much as possible on Python and Javascript because that's what is hip and performance be damned. (Isn't the Windows 8 framework - user interface based on CSS and Javascript already?)
Performance will probably suffer because instead of having fonts on disk (how 20th-century is that?) our computers will load fonts from Google about 10 times per hour.

No. I live in a small country (less than 10 Mio pop.) and we have only a rudimentary espionage agency that only seems to exists as an excuse (they never did anything notable - ever).

And you know what? No false flag terror attacks, no privacy invasions, no nothing.