Journal ten000hzlegend's Journal: Thomas
Question One
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The nervous system comprises of three main sections, the brain, which receives all input from the nervous system, the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system comprises of sensory neurones, messengers from stimulus receptors that provide the central nervous system with information about our bodies stimuli, and motor neurones, also leading to the central nervous system. The central nervous system is the term for our brain and spinal cords linked function. The peripheral consists of the somatic nervous system comprising of neurone banks which lock onto the sensory sensations i.e sight and smell and delivers them to the cerebral cortex within the brain where they are interpreted on a conscious level, some signals are then fed to motor components (efferent nerves) which in turn allow conscious control over our limbs. The automatic nervous system within the PNS delivers sensory input from each major organ through the spinal nerves to the brain (mainly the hypothalamus and medulla). The ANS then splits into two parts, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. The impulses received into the brain from the sensory and central organs are then sent back out through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The sympathetic link with nerve bodies within the spine, resulting in stimuli finally being conveyed controlling our unconscious reflexes, digestive functions, rate of breathing etc...
The central nervous system comprises firstly of the spinal cord. This cord running down the back relays all signals from the PNS directly into the brain and afterwards receives information from the cerebral cortex to our muscle groups located on the skeleton, heart and within the arteries. The brain receives all input, sensory or otherwise from the PNS and spinal cord
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Question Two
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Johnson's Model Of Care broke ground in such that the affliction was taken out as part of the priority and the patient themselves was treated individually as the most important aspect of improving their condition. Because of Thomas' co-operation with care staff but steadfast refusal to exercise in his own time, the Johnson model was theorised to incorporate behavioural change over a period of time, resulting in an equilibrium where the patient believe they are suited to their environment, Thomas' progress has stagnated i.e he does not progress in developing mobility comparable to what it was before the road accident and the final notes include an idea for alteration in coping with a wheelchair bound patient. The theory consists of a behavioural system comprising of seven sub-systems
Attachment - Inevitable closeness to those who care and help
Achievement - Realising Thomas' own goals and successfully reaching them
Aggressive Tendencies - Faltering at those goals, resulting in aggression at himself
Dependance - The need to find support on those around, to ensure constant encouragement
Sexual Needs
Ingestive Systems
Eliminative Qualities
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The Henderson Care And Nursing Model integrates the nurse as the "second person" in a patients recuperation, they are at every stage of treatment and recovery so therefore, for example, the nurse is a patients arms, mobility, therapist, carer, communicator etc... and this in turn allows the patient full independence even when their physical and mental state does not allow them on their own
The model incorporates four belief systems
Physiological - The patient has the necessities of day to day living such as normal respiration, plentiful nourishment, ability to regularly discharge waste and alter their position when required and when in distress, full rest and relaxation, changes of clothes when needed, the ability to change their surroundings to suit them and so on
Sociological - All actions undertaken by a patient must further not only their treatment but must also be undertaken to allow accomplishment in themselves
Spiritual - That the patient has full rights and freedom to practice their religious beliefs and this does not become a hindrance to their recuperation
Psychological - Every part of a patients recuperation can have negative effects on that person if it fails, it can cause relapses of trust, attitudes towards carers and their own self-confidence
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Question Three
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In regard to Thomas' physical health, the spinal injuries received, in whatever scale, are always very dangerous due to the spines intolerance to prolonged pressure and strain, Thomas's may find that he can regain mobility from a wheelchair but loss or degradation of some motor control.
His accident and long-term rehabilitation may have brought some loss of memory, the unwillingness to perform tasks may be related to Thomas possibly being unable to remember simple things, an example includes preparing a meal or dressing correctly.
His home at the time of the accident would have obviously been wholly unsuitable for a disabled person, therefore his care plan, when drawn up, must include modifications that will be carried out, grip bars, washing facilities, assistance with steps or easier access to various areas, if not in place, this could affect Thomas' level of mobility, already faltering
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Question Four
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With Thomas' apparent refusal to take up regular rehabilitation exercises, he would be best helped by a recuperative care program, this provides Thomas with a trained physiotherapy worker, regular monitoring with his social worker and a pre-planned set of goals, each focusing first on regaining full mobility, exercise to build on what motor control is being improved, diet management, medical treatment when necessary, a full course on day to day task management and planning for any modifications to his home. Also, because Thomas feels he cannot do this to the best of his abilities, family and friends must ensure his recuperation goes smoothly, encourage him when he fails or feels that he cannot recover from his injuries as planned. Because full recovery may not be possible, rehabilitation may be necessary to accomodate Thomas to the fullest in regards to his optimum mobility, homes designed to provide full accessibility to the wheelchair bound etc...
Thomas before the accident was fully fit and mobile, because of his limited mobility, independent living can be achieved by firstly outlining and detailing his learning in how to use various aids, even wheelchair manoeuvrability and handling, and also refitting his home, if not moving, to be more accessible as outlined above
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Question Five
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As Thomas refuses to commit to exercise plans, this is may be a sign of sudden but prolonged in-confidence within himself, before the accident he kept fit and was no doubt proud of his physical activities so the mental block of beginning from scratch the basic skills he used before without conscious effort is now enough to almost completely hinder his progress in physically recuperating.
Thomas' refusal to see his children is also a sign of his in-confidence and his "shattered" self-image, it may be that without the added encouragement of his children, he will find that trying to set goals, for example, 100% walking function will be hard alone, it may also be he does not want his children to see their father in such a immobile state because as before, he was at a peak physically.
As Thomas spends more time voluntary immobile, his body will suitably react and "intensify" his condition. If Thomas begins to try and reach a more mobile way of life, his body may be dormant, loss of sensory and motor function will accelerate leading to possible limits to how fully mobile he could be, it is vital for him to begin recuperation of his physical abilities as soon as possible.
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The nervous system comprises of three main sections, the brain, which receives all input from the nervous system, the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system comprises of sensory neurones, messengers from stimulus receptors that provide the central nervous system with information about our bodies stimuli, and motor neurones, also leading to the central nervous system. The central nervous system is the term for our brain and spinal cords linked function. The peripheral consists of the somatic nervous system comprising of neurone banks which lock onto the sensory sensations i.e sight and smell and delivers them to the cerebral cortex within the brain where they are interpreted on a conscious level, some signals are then fed to motor components (efferent nerves) which in turn allow conscious control over our limbs. The automatic nervous system within the PNS delivers sensory input from each major organ through the spinal nerves to the brain (mainly the hypothalamus and medulla). The ANS then splits into two parts, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. The impulses received into the brain from the sensory and central organs are then sent back out through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The sympathetic link with nerve bodies within the spine, resulting in stimuli finally being conveyed controlling our unconscious reflexes, digestive functions, rate of breathing etc...
The central nervous system comprises firstly of the spinal cord. This cord running down the back relays all signals from the PNS directly into the brain and afterwards receives information from the cerebral cortex to our muscle groups located on the skeleton, heart and within the arteries. The brain receives all input, sensory or otherwise from the PNS and spinal cord
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Question Two
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Johnson's Model Of Care broke ground in such that the affliction was taken out as part of the priority and the patient themselves was treated individually as the most important aspect of improving their condition. Because of Thomas' co-operation with care staff but steadfast refusal to exercise in his own time, the Johnson model was theorised to incorporate behavioural change over a period of time, resulting in an equilibrium where the patient believe they are suited to their environment, Thomas' progress has stagnated i.e he does not progress in developing mobility comparable to what it was before the road accident and the final notes include an idea for alteration in coping with a wheelchair bound patient. The theory consists of a behavioural system comprising of seven sub-systems
Attachment - Inevitable closeness to those who care and help
Achievement - Realising Thomas' own goals and successfully reaching them
Aggressive Tendencies - Faltering at those goals, resulting in aggression at himself
Dependance - The need to find support on those around, to ensure constant encouragement
Sexual Needs
Ingestive Systems
Eliminative Qualities
---
The Henderson Care And Nursing Model integrates the nurse as the "second person" in a patients recuperation, they are at every stage of treatment and recovery so therefore, for example, the nurse is a patients arms, mobility, therapist, carer, communicator etc... and this in turn allows the patient full independence even when their physical and mental state does not allow them on their own
The model incorporates four belief systems
Physiological - The patient has the necessities of day to day living such as normal respiration, plentiful nourishment, ability to regularly discharge waste and alter their position when required and when in distress, full rest and relaxation, changes of clothes when needed, the ability to change their surroundings to suit them and so on
Sociological - All actions undertaken by a patient must further not only their treatment but must also be undertaken to allow accomplishment in themselves
Spiritual - That the patient has full rights and freedom to practice their religious beliefs and this does not become a hindrance to their recuperation
Psychological - Every part of a patients recuperation can have negative effects on that person if it fails, it can cause relapses of trust, attitudes towards carers and their own self-confidence
---
Question Three
---
In regard to Thomas' physical health, the spinal injuries received, in whatever scale, are always very dangerous due to the spines intolerance to prolonged pressure and strain, Thomas's may find that he can regain mobility from a wheelchair but loss or degradation of some motor control.
His accident and long-term rehabilitation may have brought some loss of memory, the unwillingness to perform tasks may be related to Thomas possibly being unable to remember simple things, an example includes preparing a meal or dressing correctly.
His home at the time of the accident would have obviously been wholly unsuitable for a disabled person, therefore his care plan, when drawn up, must include modifications that will be carried out, grip bars, washing facilities, assistance with steps or easier access to various areas, if not in place, this could affect Thomas' level of mobility, already faltering
---
Question Four
---
With Thomas' apparent refusal to take up regular rehabilitation exercises, he would be best helped by a recuperative care program, this provides Thomas with a trained physiotherapy worker, regular monitoring with his social worker and a pre-planned set of goals, each focusing first on regaining full mobility, exercise to build on what motor control is being improved, diet management, medical treatment when necessary, a full course on day to day task management and planning for any modifications to his home. Also, because Thomas feels he cannot do this to the best of his abilities, family and friends must ensure his recuperation goes smoothly, encourage him when he fails or feels that he cannot recover from his injuries as planned. Because full recovery may not be possible, rehabilitation may be necessary to accomodate Thomas to the fullest in regards to his optimum mobility, homes designed to provide full accessibility to the wheelchair bound etc...
Thomas before the accident was fully fit and mobile, because of his limited mobility, independent living can be achieved by firstly outlining and detailing his learning in how to use various aids, even wheelchair manoeuvrability and handling, and also refitting his home, if not moving, to be more accessible as outlined above
---
Question Five
---
As Thomas refuses to commit to exercise plans, this is may be a sign of sudden but prolonged in-confidence within himself, before the accident he kept fit and was no doubt proud of his physical activities so the mental block of beginning from scratch the basic skills he used before without conscious effort is now enough to almost completely hinder his progress in physically recuperating.
Thomas' refusal to see his children is also a sign of his in-confidence and his "shattered" self-image, it may be that without the added encouragement of his children, he will find that trying to set goals, for example, 100% walking function will be hard alone, it may also be he does not want his children to see their father in such a immobile state because as before, he was at a peak physically.
As Thomas spends more time voluntary immobile, his body will suitably react and "intensify" his condition. If Thomas begins to try and reach a more mobile way of life, his body may be dormant, loss of sensory and motor function will accelerate leading to possible limits to how fully mobile he could be, it is vital for him to begin recuperation of his physical abilities as soon as possible.
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