Two orders of magnitude less copper. The stacked modules aren't complex enough to make a dent in existing PCB/pick&place/component market.

Complex to engineer, but the complexity in implementation is miniaturised and mass manufacturable.

If you have to wait years for transformers, this creates a huge market for electronic converters for high and medium voltage AC. Their production can be ramped up much faster. The problems in designing such electronic transformers is not much different from HVDCHVAC converters, it's obviously possible to do it reliably.

My point is that all the big models are pretrained on any decent open source project to begin with. That other LLM too.

Even if you use an AI to extract an extremely condensed specification out of the source code, it's hardly clean room if the LLM was pre-trained on the source code any way.

I don't think there will ever be a simple fundamental physics again. Unless reality is 3D FEM simulation, then the fundamental equations might be simple (and almost useless).

The smallest Korean/European brands aren't much more expensive than Mexican build BYD. They aren't marketing them in the US, but EV3 is one step up from the EV2 and coming to the US for 35k ... I doubt it will sell well.

Poorly designed shit, the battery for a properly designed bistable ePaper tag with some LPWAN radio should last many years.

Around a billion m2 of heatsink, it's a little much.

The heatsink can be very light though, they need no real structural strength beyond being able to contain the pressure of the refrigerant (say ethanol at around 1 bar in lots of parallel channels in a thin sheet). The PV can be even thinner.

No, what we need is to stop being assholes. The moment hedonism is a valid excuse for animal agriculture, no matter how close you can get will never be enough. Animal agriculture is symptomatic of the fact that we are at a standstill or even regression of moral progress, though other symptoms are a little more obvious at the moment.

Of course humans won't stop being assholes, I'm not volunteering, but maybe AI will nanny us instead of just choosing plain eradication.

The refrigerant wouldn't be boiling off, refrigerant cooling just works at conveniently relatively fixed temperatures. Liquid cooling needs more mass, but more importantly you get larger temperature gradients in your cooling blocks and radiators.

Even here on Earth there are now companies using boiling refrigerant in cooling blocks for GPUs rather than liquid cooling.

Your GPU can't "see" deep space either, compared to cosmic background radiation your GPU is lit.

ISS is not in polar orbit. The batteries and weight needed to accommodate humans are so dominant there was never a need to truly optimise for weight for PV&radiator. In fact no satellite has ever had much use for the PV weight optimisation these polar orbit data centres can benefit from. Good enough is good enough, other parameters were more important.

Best possible for the space data centre is much lighter, Not much better in the existing applications, because PV/radiator weight had already pretty much stopped mattering there, but still much lighter.

Radiators.

I don't know if it will be better to use heatpumps or just use more area. With heatpumps, you could probably get away using front for PV and back for radiators. Without heatpumps you'd probably have a bunch of the sun side area be mirrored, with more radiator area than PV.

As I've said before, the heat the back of the solar panel can reject at reasonable temp (near 100C) is in the same region as the front can generate (not taking into account earth visibility though, too hard for back of envelope). So cooling seems the easier problem. Capturing energy is just a question of more light weight (flexible) panels and a polar orbit for non stop sunshine.

LEO with never seen before surface area to weight ratios might be an issue.

They don't make satellites.

Their problem is probably more making lightweight boiling refrigerant based cooling blocks which can keep the their system cool in a vacuum, including PCB, connectors, cables, etc. Dumping the heat from refrigerant to space is not their problem.