This entire situation as as close to the birther argument as you can get in the technology world. The only people who still try to make Bill Gates out at a thief are the same anti-Microsoft clowns you see out there berating modern Windows when they haven't used a Microsoft product since Windows 95.
Everything is historically documented, but like with politics, the people slinging the mud hope that you never look at any facts. Microsoft obviously bought QDOS, which was initially much more like CP/M, and they modified it to give it a more modern feel (and eventually more features than CP/M). But more to the point, QDOS was x86-based, where as CP/M was primarily being developed around Z80 systems at the time. The assembly code is obviously not compatible. And if the original QDOS creator had written a PLM compiler to rip off the CP/M source that way, it would have been so easily identifiable that they would have discovered this even back in the 80s. But even then, the QDOS developer would have been the thief, not Microsoft.
And much to the chagrin of the Microsoft haters, it's the changes Microsoft made to QDOS which helped make MS-DOS such a success (combined with IBM hardware). If you've ever used CP/M, you would know that its commands were not very logical or self-explanatory to the average user. So what Microsoft did was essentially take an archaic OS and turn it into something that the average person could easily learn and use (not to mention the improvements over CP/M which would also come), and they were very successful for it. Not to mention, they did it on the x86 platform, which was the then-technologically superior platform over what had previously been a Z80-dominated area. Plenty of people will try to dispute that, mostly out of nostalgia, but try taking that up with a a developer, when they were the one having to cram a large program into banked memory on a Z80 compared to the freedom the x86 provided at the time. x86's segmented memory may have later been reviled, but at the time it was a great step forward, and one which helped Microsoft dig its feet in that much deeper.
Thing is, even with this information being released about DOS, it will still be disputed, people will still find ways to hate on Microsoft even if it's completely unjustified, etc. In another few years we'll revisit this subject yet again, since this is certainly not the first time the claim has been made, and it won't be the last.