Comment Re:A few questions (Score 2) 29
And to add to what the others have said, the 'tails' are caused by pixel bleed on the sensor. See https://sohowww.nascom.nasa.go... and
https://sohowww.nascom.nasa.go...
Most solar imagers (telescopes & coronographs) have similar problems. The imagers on STEREO are oriented differently, and so the pixel bleed is vertical, not horizontal : https://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/a...
SDO/AIA takes every other image in "Automatic Exposure Correction" mode, but it doesn't fully fix the problems. There's a bit of an internal reflection that occurs diagonally. I don't know of any specific explanation of it, but it's pretty obvious in any of the AIA flare images : https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/asse...
NOAA doesn't have this problem with GOES-13/SXI, because it's so much worse. Rather than summing up a lot of exposures to reduce the noise, they decided to take a long exposure just as a flaring region rotated into view, damaging the telescope permanently. ( https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/sxi/... ; see Dec 2006)
(I used to work for the Solar Data Analysis Center, and used to deal with all of the "NASA is covering up evidence of UFOs" emails for STEREO)