Overall, it's not too hard. Affiliations aren't all that important to the process and professorship/etc doesn't matter. Most of the time, the reviews and such are done blind.
1. The first thing you need to do is research the current state of the field and have a good idea how yours relates.
2. Next, pick a journal that is in your field and is appropriate. IEEE may be a good place to start, but with your research you'll find what similar papers are published in. You won't be published in Science.
3. Write it up and submit it. Follow the style given by the journal, they're sticklers for it. It'll either be in Word or LaTeX format. You should have someone (somewhat) knowledgeable read through it first to make the process easier. It doesn't need to be an expert, but has to be someone who understands what you're talking about.
4. Get reviews back from the journal. Every paper that is submitted gets reviewed by 2 people in the field. Some conferences use only 1. You'll get comments back that will need to be addressed.
Expect the submission process to take 6-12 months or so before it will be published, depending on the journal and comments received.