In the transportation sector, an autonomous car going to find parking or driving around aimlessly is referred to "empty congestion". It's the sum of all distance driven in a vehicle when the vehicle is not transporting a person or an item to an intended destination. We only have estimates for the total amount of empty congestion, but it has recently increased due to transportation network companies like Uber and Lyft reducing reliance on transit and the self-driven car. If you're going to an event in Uber, it nominally takes four trips rather than two to get you there. The new empty trips may be shorter than the original two trips, but they increase congestion without increasing movement.

Both having your autocar drive to park itself or circle endlessly contribute to empty congestion. Transportation planners view empty congestion as a bad thing because it uses transportation infrastructure without generating much utility. If autonomous cars increase empty congestion, you can expect fees and regulations to make it unattractive.

Good question, but water reduces gamma/x/cosmic rays by something like 0.5x per meter. Concrete is about 0.5x per 10cm.

Salesforce tracks sales opportunities, clients, contacts, products, prices, defects, competitive intelligence, product requests, sales tasks, and documents. It also offers an instant messaging application.

Salesforce helps maintain a consistent sales process. It has a reporting system that lets you analyze your pipeline and bookings. The reporting system is good for tracking current sales performance of individuals, product lines, and companies. It's good for evaluating the likelihood of meeting bookings targets in the current month, quarter, or year. In a business, it's important to track bookings because they are a leading indicator for future revenue and, to a lesser extent, costs. You can also use salesforce to help create sales forecasts and targets for future years.

I don't play console games, so maybe I have the wrong perspective on this; however, I think this is a really wrong-headed approach. As far as I can tell, a developer is unhappy because it's possible to buy hardware that really improves a user's experience when they play the developer's game. The game developer, upset that some users have an advantage, wants everybody to get the poorest least-common-denominator user experience. Although the goal is laudable because everybody in a competitive game should have a level playing field, the cure is just as bad as the disease. If the controllers on consoles are worse than a keyboard and mouse, the developer should push for console manufacturers to make better controllers.

The radius of the asteroid does not affect the chances of impact.

The chances of an asteroid hitting the earth, if randomly directed within a circle equal to the mean orbital distance of the moon, is one chance in (Rm/re)**2, which is (384/6.4)**2, or about one chance in 3600. The size of the asteroid does not have a material effect on the chances of impact because ra << re for all asteroids. Even Ceres has a radius that's an order of magnitude smaller than the Earth's.

The size (mass, really) of the asteroid does have a material effect on the energy dissipated on impact, which is (mv**2)/2, where v is the velocity of the asteroid in the Earth's frame.

Digital signatures on every post would work. It would make the site harder to use though, since you would have to share your private key with every machine you post from (even your phone) and it's not easy to implement it in a browser. Not great, but maybe it doesn't quite meet the "impossible" label.

You are taking the position that life expectancy is falling because the population is getting older. While both the premise of the argument and the conclusion are true, I think you will have trouble making the case for a causal relationship. People are dying younger because they are living longer? Give your head a shake.

By the President of the United States of America a Proclamation

Richard Nixon became the thirty-seventh President of the United States on January 20, 1969 and was reelected in 1972 for a second term by the electors of forty-nine of the fifty states. His term in office continued until his resignation on August 9, 1974.

Pursuant to resolutions of the House of Representatives, its Committee on the Judiciary conducted an inquiry and investigation on the impeachment of the President extending over more than eight months. The hearings of the Committee and its deliberations, which received wide national publicity over television, radio, and in printed media, resulted in votes adverse to Richard Nixon on recommended Articles of Impeachment.

As a result of certain acts or omissions occurring before his resignation from the Office of President, Richard Nixon has become liable to possible indictment and trial for offenses against the United States. Whether or not he shall be so prosecuted depends on findings of the appropriate grand jury and on the discretion of the authorized prosecutor. Should an indictment ensue, the accused shall then be entitled to a fair trial by an impartial jury, as guaranteed to every individual by the Constitution.

It is believed that a trial of Richard Nixon, if it became necessary, could not fairly begin until a year or more has elapsed. In the meantime, the tranquility to which this nation has been restored by the events of recent weeks could be irreparably lost by the prospects of bringing to trial a former President of the United States. The prospects of such trial will cause prolonged and divisive debate over the propriety of exposing to further punishment and degradation a man who has already paid the unprecedented penalty of relinquishing the highest elective office of the United States.

Now, THEREFORE, I, GERALD R. FORD, President of the United States, pursuant to the pardon power conferred upon me by Article II, Section 2, of the Constitution, have granted and by these presents do grant a full, free, and absolute pardon unto Richard Nixon for all offenses against the United States which he, Richard Nixon, has committed or may have committed or taken part in during the period from January 20, 1969 through August 9, 1974.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and seventy-four, and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and ninety-ninth.

GERALD R. FORD

It totally is a throwback to the cold war, but here we are living the real world where some nations get their own separate English term for the job of working in space.

The etymology of astronaut is from Greek astron (star) and nautes (sailor), and the assonance with argonaut - a sailor aboard Jason's ship called Argo. It was coined by a Belgian, mirroring the French aeronautique. Cosmonaut is from Greek kosmos (universe, in Pythogorean usage) and nautes. Each of these words would seem out of place if used in translation - one would almost certainly find it as "Chinese astronaut" or "Chinese cosmonaut" in every actual usage.

I find taikonaut to be a very cool word that blends eastern and western language history in a modern, globalized reality. I like it, even though the Chinese don't use the term.

None of these words are conspicuously English, though. Spacefarer and spaceman probably have the most grounding in English, with etymologies going back to at least Middle English. All of the root words are still quite recognizable in their meaning (unlike astron and nautes). I think it's interesting that the actual Chinese term in use is closest to spaceman, which would probably never be used in translation because of the dismissive, even comical, connotation the word has in English. It's also unlikely that the term would ever be left as taikong ren, because it has no meaning for English speakers. Taikonaut it is.

EMV chip cards will eliminate card present counterfeit fraud. This change will lead criminals online, where EMV will have no impact. Assuming this enhancement works as advertised, it will pinch off card not present counterfeit fraud as well.

Then, the last remaining broad security hole will be lost and stolen credit card fraud. Solving this will require two-factor identification for each purchase. At that point, the US will have to switch to chip and PIN alike the rest of the world, and the credit card may have to be replaced with a phone for online transactions.

If the 80% level is labelled 100, then the 100% level should be labelled 125.

I haven't run Windows for over a decade. For all that time, and much more, folks have been writing exactly what you just wrote. I think you imagine that this is an iron-clad point: that the additional security I get from Linux and OS/X is somehow illusory because both are just about as vulnerable as Windows.

The truth is that Linux and OS/X are about as buggy or security-deficient as Windows. And they are also safer.

It takes on the meaning of increasing closeness to that state.

I don't think the motto has all that much of an effect. In Canada, the RCMP has "Maintiens le droit." Which means "Uphold the law." Or, more poetically "Uphold the right."

Doesn't stop them from shooting a prisoner in the back of the head in self defence.

84% of statistics are made up; however, GP is not 100% wrong, just wrong about what cost should not exceed 20% of your income.

According to AAA, an organization more reputable than Bankrate.com, the cost to own and drive a vehicle in the USA today is $8,558 per year. That's a number with a lot of precision but without a lot of accuracy. They have an article up on the web that talks through their assumptions and calculations, though. Fun fact: they note that the cost of owning and driving a car has fallen to a six-year low, so TFA's author can go peddle their papers someplace else.

Back to GP! 5 x $8,558 is $42,790, which is not so far off what actual people actually working actually make. If you're making less you should consider a small sedan, which AAA estimates costs only $6,579 annually. You can do a little better if you buy a good used car. You can't do much better, though, and there is an element of luck around whether you buy a car from a careful owner or a doofus.