Yes the ransomware will encrypt your cloud backups and mounted network drives -- it's not at all limited to your user folder. If the cloud backup service keeps an archive then you might be OK, but the free DropBox service doesn't.

I suggest you ally yourself with an actual business and try to apply these lofty principles. I'll know your education is complete by the peals of laughter and sound of doors slamming behind you.

This is really unrealistic. What if the original hardware supplier is out of business or has discontinued the product line? The supply chain for many industrial systems of this type can be 10 levels deep, and it's simply impossible (unless you make the kind of hyper-expensive arrangements the military does so that they can keep 50's era computers running today) for contractors in that chain to do as you suggest. Commodity computers are so powerful and cheap with such ubiquitous development tools and talent that it's hard for suppliers to ignore what's available just because traditional ideas of longevity can't be trusted.

Lots of process control and data acquisition systems have proprietary hardware whose drivers haven't been or can't be migrated. A security system has many candidates for such a dependency.

I have been in this situation several times. The company has never wanted the cheap item I got by mistake back and has always shipped the more expensive item I actually ordered as soon as the mistake was pointed out to them. US law seems to be pretty clear-cut and honest retailers understand this.

My Rand McNally map of the Moon has it labeled Sinus Iridium, so maybe you should give them a call to complain.

...of using their desktop monopoly to strongarm their way into the mobile market.

If you had the chance to visit the late lamented Star Trek Experience at the Las Vegas Hilton when it still existed, and if you had visited the gentlemen's toilet, you would have unzipped before a urinal topped by a mirror. Upon tinkling, the mirror would proceed to display an amusing ad for some silly personal product only available in the Star Trek universe. It was so amusing that there was a constant stream of guys sneaking their girls into the men's room to show it off. Apparently there was a similar gag in the Ladies' at the wash basin, but the ladies report that it wasn't nearly as funny.

Suicide does not affect any of the other things you list, and if you pay through the nose you can get a life insurance policy that even covers it.

...you can expect a really, really long jail sentence. And the health care in those for-profit prisons sucks.

NMR only reports the presence of (certain isotopes of) nuclei. With most biochemicals of interest being made almost entirely of the same four atoms (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen) there's nothing to tell the MRI which particular large molecule the atoms are part of.

If the Moon was created by a glancing collision between the Earth and a Mar-sized protoplanet, which seems to be the going theory nowadays, then the Moon was created in Low Earth Orbit during the very heavy bombardment phase of the LHB. Once the Moon became tidally locked -- which would have happened pretty quickly at such proximity -- Nearside was shielded from most further bombardment by the Earth. So Nearside is kind of a fossile from the heaviest epoch of the LHB, while Farside continued to get pelted as the big stuff was swept up, and finally got the fine dusting of the last scraps evening it out. It would also have continued to accumulate crud, which Nearside wouldn't, thus the thicker Farside crust.

From http://www.nitrosyncretic.com/rah/ftp/fedrlsvc.pdf :

Eisenhower suspended nuclear testing. Shortly thereafter, the Soviet Union ignored its promise and resumed testing with some of the largest and "dirtiest" weapons ever detonated.

Heinlein was infuriated. He stopped work on the novel that would become Stranger in a Strange Land and wrote Starship Troopers in a white-hot fury.

So it would appear that Heinlein was about as serious and passionate as he ever would be about anything when he wrote ST. This is what he was serious about.

Cars can't get drunk. I would be watching the scenery blow by with a beer in my hand. And not in a goddamn paper bag.

So in the movie the Hubble is a bit lower and the ISS a bit higher, and they share an orbit and hold station to facilitate regular maintenance, but at a safe distance to prevent regular ISS activity from interfering with the telescope and in case something goes wrong. Yes it's impossible in our space program but the F in SF doesn't stand for Fact.