Bandwagon effect: n. The tendency to do (or believe) things because many other people do (or believe) the same. Related to Groupthink.
Bias blind spot: n. The tendency not to compensate for one's own cognitive biases.
Choice-supportive bias: n. The tendency to remember one's choices as better than they actually were.
Confirmation bias: n. The tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions.
Congruence bias: n. The tendency to test hypotheses exclusively through direct testing.
Contrast effect: n. The enhancement or diminishment of a weight or other measurement when compared with recently observed contrasting object.
Disconfirmation bias: n. The tendency for people to extend critical scrutiny to information which contradicts their prior beliefs and accept uncritically information that is congruent with their prior beliefs.
Endowment effect: n. The tendency for people to value something more as soon as they own it.
Focusing effect: n. Prediction bias occurring when people place too much importance on one aspect of an event; causes error in accurately predicting the utility of a future outcome.
Hyperbolic discounting: n. The tendency for people to have a stronger preference for more immediate payoffs relative to later payoffs, the closer to the present both payoffs are.
Illusion of control: n. The tendency for human beings to believe they can control or at least influence outcomes which they clearly cannot.
Impact bias: n. The tendency for people to overestimate the length or the intensity of the impact of future feeling states.
Information bias: n. The tendency to seek information even when it cannot affect action.
Loss aversion: n. The tendency for people to strongly prefer avoiding losses over acquiring gains.
Neglect of Probability: n. The tendency to completely disregard probability when making a decision under uncertainty.
Mere exposure effect: n. The tendency for people to express undue liking for things merely because they are familiar with them.
Color psychology: n. The tendency for cultural symbolism of certain colors to affect affective reasoning.
Omission Bias: n. The tendency to judge harmful actions as worse, or less moral than equally harmful omissions (inactions).
Outcome Bias: n. The tendency to judge a decision by its eventual outcome instead of based on the quality of the decision at the time it was made.
Planning fallacy: n. The tendency to underestimate task-completion times.
Post-purchase rationalization: n. The tendency to persuade oneself through rational argument that a purchase was good value.
Pseudocertainty effect: n. The tendency to make risk-averse choices if the expected outcome is positive, but risk-seeking choices to avoid negative outcomes.
Rosy retrospection: n. The tendency to rate past events more positively than they had actually rated them when the event occurred.
Selective perception: n. The tendency for expectations to affect perception.
Status quo bias: n. The tendency for people to like things to stay relatively the same.
Von Restorff effect: n. The tendency for an item that "stands out like a sore thumb" to be more likely to be remembered than other items.
Zeigarnik effect: n. The tendency for people to remember uncompleted or interrupted tasks better than completed ones.
Zero-risk bias: n. Preference for reducing a small risk to zero over a greater reduction in a larger risk.
Ambiguity effect: n. The avoidance of options for which missing information makes the probability seem "unknown".
Anchoring: n. The tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," on one trait or piece of information when making decisions.
Anthropic bias: n. The tendency for one's evidence to be biased by observation selection effects.
Attentional bias: n. Neglect of relevant data when making judgments of a correlation or association.
Availability error: n. The distortion of one's perceptions of reality, due to the tendency to remember one alternative outcome of a situation much more easily than another.
Belief bias: n. The tendency to base assessments on personal beliefs.
Belief Overkill: n. The tendency to bring beliefs and values together so that they all point to the same conclusion.
Clustering illusion: n. The tendency to see patterns where actually none exist.
Conjunction fallacy: n. The tendency to assume that specific conditions are more probable than general ones.
Gambler's fallacy: n. The tendency to assume that individual random events are influenced by previous random events: "the coin has a memory".
Hindsight bias: n. Sometimes called the "I-knew-it-all-along" effect, the inclination to see past events as being predictable.
Illusory correlation: n. Beliefs that inaccurately suppose a relationship between a certain type of action and an effect.
Myside bias: n. The tendency for people to fail to look for or to ignore evidence against what they already favor.
Neglect of prior base rates effect: n. The tendency to fail to incorporate prior known probabilities which are pertinent to the decision at hand.
Observer-expectancy effect: n. When a researcher expects a given result and therefore unconsciously manipulates an experiment or misinterprets data in order to find it.
Overconfidence effect: n. The tendency to overestimate one's own abilities.
Polarization effect: n. Increase in strength of belief on both sides of an issue after presentation of neutral or mixed evidence, resulting from biased assimilation of the evidence.
Positive outcome bias (prediction): n. A tendency in prediction to overestimate the probability of good things happening to them.
Recency effect: n. The tendency to weigh recent events more than earlier events.
Primacy effect: n. The tendency to weigh initial events more than subsequent events.
Subadditivity effect: n. The tendency to judge probability of the whole to be less than the probabilities of the parts.
Barnum effect: n. The tendency to attribute high accuracy to descriptions of their personality that supposedly are tailored specifically for them, but are in fact vague and general enough to apply to a wide range of people.
Egocentric bias: n. Occurs when people claim more responsibility for themselves for the results of a joint action than an outside observer would.
False consensus effect: n. The tendency for people to overestimate the degree to which others agree with them.
Fundamental attribution error: n. The tendency to favor personality-based explanations for behavior in others while understating the importance of situational influences on the same behavior.
Halo effect: n. The tendency for a person's positive or negative traits to "spill over" from one area of their personality to another in others' perceptions of them.
Illusion of asymmetic insight: n. People perceive their knowledge of their peers to surpass their peers' knowledge of them.
Ingroup bias: n. Preferential treatment people give to whom they perceive to be members of their own groups.
Just-world phenomenon: n. The tendency for people to believe the world is "just" and so therefore people "get what they deserve."
Lake Wobegon effect: n. The human tendency to report flattering beliefs about oneself and believe that one is above average.
Notational bias: n. A form of cultural bias in which a notation induces the appearance of a nonexistent natural law.
Outgroup homogeneity bias: n. Individuals see members of their own group as being relatively more varied than members of other groups.
Projection bias: n. The tendency to unconsciously assume that others share the same or similar thoughts, beliefs, values, or positions.
Self-serving bias: n. The tendency to claim more responsibility for successes than failures. It may also manifest itself as a tendency for people to evaluate ambiguous information in a way beneficial to their interests.
Trait ascription bias: n. The tendency for people to view themselves as relatively variable in terms of personality, behavior and mood while viewing others as much more predictable.
Self-fulfilling prophecy: n. The tendency to engage in behaviors that elicit results which will (consciously or subconsciously) confirm our beliefs.
