Best Programming Languages for Echidna

Nix is a tool which takes a unique approach in package management and system configuration. Learn how to create reliable, reproducible, declarative systems. Nix creates packages isolated from each other. This makes them reproducible and doesn't have undeclared dependency. So if a package is working on one machine, it will also on the other. Nix makes it easy to share development and build environments with your projects regardless of the programming languages or tools you use. Nix makes sure that other packages are not broken by installing or upgrading one package. It allows you to rollback to previous versions and ensures no package is in an unaligned state during an update. Nix is a functional package manager. It treats packages as values in pure functional programming languages like Haskell. Packages are built using functions that have no side effects and never change after they are built.

Each expression in Haskell is assigned a type at compile time. All types that are combined by function application must match. The compiler will reject the program if they don't match up. Types are not only a guarantee, but also a language to express the construction of programs. Haskell functions are mathematical functions (i.e. "pure") in every instance. Even side-effecting IO operation are just a description of what to accomplish, and are produced by pure code. There are no instructions or statements, only expressions that can't mutate variables (local and global) or access state such as time or random numbers. You don't need to write every type in Haskell programs. Types can be inferred by unifying each type bidirectionally. You can however write out types or ask the compiler for them to be written for you.

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), is a lightweight format for data-interchange. It is easy to read and write. It is easy for machines and humans to generate and parse. It is based upon a subset the JavaScript Programming Language Standard ECMA-262 (3rd Edition - Dec 1999). JSON is a text format which is completely language-independent but still uses conventions familiar to programmers of the C family of languages. This includes C++, C# JavaScript, JavaScript, Perl and Python. These properties make JSON a great data-interchange language. JSON is built upon two structures: 1. A collection of name/value pair. This can be realized in many languages as an object, record or struct. 2. An ordered list of values. This can be expressed in most languages as an array, vector or list. These are universal data structures. They are supported by almost all modern programming languages in one way or another.

Solidity is an ethereum-compatible programming language with curly braces that uses a statically typed syntax. Solidity is still a relatively new language. It is growing at a rapid pace. We aim to release a regular release (non-breaking release) every month with an average of one breaking release per calendar year. You can track the implementation status of the new features by visiting the Solidity Github Project. By switching from the default branch ("develop") to the "breaking branch", you can see what changes are coming for the next breaking release. Solidity can be actively shaped by your input and participation in the language design.