Alternatives to PanGu-Σ

DeepSeek-V2, developed by DeepSeek-AI, is a cutting-edge Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language model designed for cost-effective training and high-speed inference. Boasting a massive 236 billion parameters—though only 21 billion are active per token—it efficiently handles a context length of up to 128K tokens. The model leverages advanced architectural innovations such as Multi-head Latent Attention (MLA) to optimize inference by compressing the Key-Value (KV) cache and DeepSeekMoE to enable economical training via sparse computation. Compared to its predecessor, DeepSeek 67B, it slashes training costs by 42.5%, shrinks the KV cache by 93.3%, and boosts generation throughput by 5.76 times. Trained on a vast 8.1 trillion token dataset, DeepSeek-V2 excels in natural language understanding, programming, and complex reasoning, positioning itself as a premier choice in the open-source AI landscape.

Magic's LTM-1 provides context windows 50x larger than transformers. Magic has trained a Large Language Model that can take in huge amounts of context to generate suggestions. Magic, our coding assistant can now see all of your code. AI models can refer to more factual and explicit information with larger context windows. They can also reference their own actions history. This research will hopefully improve reliability and coherence.

The ability of large language models to learn in zero- and few shots, despite being trained for hundreds of thousands or even millions of days, has been remarkable. These models are expensive to replicate, due to their high computational cost. The few models that are available via APIs do not allow access to the full weights of the model, making it difficult to study. Open Pre-trained Transformers is a suite decoder-only pre-trained transforms with parameters ranging from 175B to 125M. We aim to share this fully and responsibly with interested researchers. We show that OPT-175B has a carbon footprint of 1/7th that of GPT-3. We will also release our logbook, which details the infrastructure challenges we encountered, as well as code for experimenting on all of the released model.

PanGu-a was developed under MindSpore, and trained on 2048 Ascend AI processors. The MindSpore Auto-parallel parallelism strategy was implemented to scale the training task efficiently to 2048 processors. This includes data parallelism as well as op-level parallelism. We pretrain PanGu-a with 1.1TB of high-quality Chinese data collected from a variety of domains in order to enhance its generalization ability. We test the generation abilities of PanGua in different scenarios, including text summarizations, question answering, dialog generation, etc. We also investigate the effects of model scaling on the few shot performances across a wide range of Chinese NLP task. The experimental results show that PanGu-a is superior in performing different tasks with zero-shot or few-shot settings.

VideoPoet, a simple modeling technique, can convert any large language model or autoregressive model into a high quality video generator. It is composed of a few components. The autoregressive model learns from video, image, text, and audio modalities in order to predict the next audio or video token in the sequence. The LLM training framework introduces a mixture of multimodal generative objectives, including text to video, text to image, image-to video, video frame continuation and inpainting/outpainting, styled video, and video-to audio. Moreover, these tasks can be combined to provide additional zero-shot capabilities. This simple recipe shows how language models can edit and synthesize videos with a high level of temporal consistency.

DeepSeek R2 is poised to succeed DeepSeek R1, the revolutionary AI reasoning model introduced in January 2025 by the Chinese AI startup DeepSeek. R1 made waves in the industry with its cost-efficient performance, competing with top models like OpenAI’s o1, and R2 is expected to push the boundaries even further. Designed for superior speed and human-like reasoning, it aims to excel in complex domains such as advanced programming and intricate mathematical problem-solving. By harnessing DeepSeek’s cutting-edge Mixture-of-Experts framework and optimized training strategies, R2 is set to surpass its predecessor while maintaining efficiency. Additionally, it may extend its capabilities beyond English, broadening its reach.

Baichuan-13B, a large-scale language model with 13 billion parameters that is open source and available commercially by Baichuan Intelligent, was developed following Baichuan -7B. It has the best results for a language model of the same size in authoritative Chinese and English benchmarks. This release includes two versions of pretraining (Baichuan-13B Base) and alignment (Baichuan-13B Chat). Baichuan-13B has more data and a larger size. It expands the number parameters to 13 billion based on Baichuan -7B, and trains 1.4 trillion coins on high-quality corpus. This is 40% more than LLaMA-13B. It is open source and currently the model with the most training data in 13B size. Support Chinese and English bi-lingual, use ALiBi code, context window is 4096.

Megatron-Turing Natural Language Generation Model (MT-NLG) is the largest and most powerful monolithic English language model. It has 530 billion parameters. This 105-layer transformer-based MTNLG improves on the previous state-of-the art models in zero, one, and few shot settings. It is unmatched in its accuracy across a wide range of natural language tasks, including Completion prediction and Reading comprehension. NVIDIA has announced an Early Access Program for its managed API service in MT-NLG Mode. This program will allow customers to experiment with, employ and apply a large language models on downstream language tasks.

Qwen-7B, also known as Qwen-7B, is the 7B-parameter variant of the large language models series Qwen. Tongyi Qianwen, proposed by Alibaba Cloud. Qwen-7B, a Transformer-based language model, is pretrained using a large volume data, such as web texts, books, code, etc. Qwen-7B is also used to train Qwen-7B Chat, an AI assistant that uses large models and alignment techniques. The Qwen-7B features include: Pre-trained with high quality data. We have pretrained Qwen-7B using a large-scale, high-quality dataset that we constructed ourselves. The dataset contains over 2.2 trillion tokens. The dataset contains plain texts and codes and covers a wide range domains including general domain data as well as professional domain data. Strong performance. We outperform our competitors in a series benchmark datasets that evaluate natural language understanding, mathematics and coding. And more.

StableLM: Stability AI language models StableLM builds upon our experience with open-sourcing previous language models in collaboration with EleutherAI. This nonprofit research hub. These models include GPTJ, GPTNeoX and the Pythia Suite, which were all trained on The Pile dataset. Cerebras GPT and Dolly-2 are two recent open-source models that continue to build upon these efforts. StableLM was trained on a new dataset that is three times bigger than The Pile and contains 1.5 trillion tokens. We will provide more details about the dataset at a later date. StableLM's richness allows it to perform well in conversational and coding challenges, despite the small size of its dataset (3-7 billion parameters, compared to GPT-3's 175 billion). The development of Stable LM 3B broadens the range of applications that are viable on the edge or on home PCs. This means that individuals and companies can now develop cutting-edge technologies with strong conversational capabilities – like creative writing assistance – while keeping costs low and performance high.

Multilingual T5 is a massively pretrained text-totext transformer model that has been trained using a similar recipe to T5. This repo can used to reproduce the experiments described in the mT5 article. The mC4 corpus covers 101 languages. Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Belarusian, Bengali, Bulgarian, Burmese, Catalan, Cebuano, Chichewa, Chinese, Corsican, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Esperanto, Estonian, Filipino, Finnish, French, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindi, Hmong, Hungarian, Icelandic, Igbo, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Javanese, Kannada, Kazakh, Khmer, Korean, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Lao, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malagasy, Malay, Malayalam, Maltese, Maori, Marathi, Mongolian, Nepali, Norwegian, Pashto, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Samoan, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian, Shona, Sindhi, and more.

Yi-Lightning is the latest large language model developed by 01.AI, under the leadership Kai-Fu Lee. It focuses on high performance, cost-efficiency, and a wide range of languages. It has a maximum context of 16K tokens, and costs $0.14 per million tokens both for input and output. This makes it very competitive. Yi-Lightning uses an enhanced Mixture-of-Experts architecture that incorporates fine-grained expert segments and advanced routing strategies to improve its efficiency. This model has excelled across a variety of domains. It achieved top rankings in categories such as Chinese, math, coding and hard prompts in the chatbot arena where it secured the sixth position overall and ninth in style control. Its development included pre-training, supervised tuning, and reinforcement learning based on human feedback. This ensured both performance and safety with optimizations for memory usage and inference speeds.

Qwen2 is a large language model developed by Qwen Team, Alibaba Cloud. Qwen2 is an extensive series of large language model developed by the Qwen Team at Alibaba Cloud. It includes both base models and instruction-tuned versions, with parameters ranging from 0.5 to 72 billion. It also features dense models and a Mixture of Experts model. The Qwen2 Series is designed to surpass previous open-weight models including its predecessor Qwen1.5 and to compete with proprietary model across a wide spectrum of benchmarks, such as language understanding, generation and multilingual capabilities.

GPT-J, a cutting edge language model developed by EleutherAI, is a leading-edge language model. GPT-J's performance is comparable to OpenAI's GPT-3 model on a variety of zero-shot tasks. GPT-J, in particular, has shown that it can surpass GPT-3 at tasks relating to code generation. The latest version of this language model is GPT-J-6B and is built on a linguistic data set called The Pile. This dataset is publically available and contains 825 gibibytes worth of language data organized into 22 subsets. GPT-J has some similarities with ChatGPT. However, GPTJ is not intended to be a chatbot. Its primary function is to predict texts. Databricks made a major development in March 2023 when they introduced Dolly, an Apache-licensed model that follows instructions.

You can use advanced language models and coding to solve a variety of problems. To build cutting-edge applications, leverage large-scale, generative AI models that have deep understandings of code and language to allow for new reasoning and comprehension. These coding and language models can be applied to a variety use cases, including writing assistance, code generation, reasoning over data, and code generation. Access enterprise-grade Azure security and detect and mitigate harmful use. Access generative models that have been pretrained with trillions upon trillions of words. You can use them to create new scenarios, including code, reasoning, inferencing and comprehension. A simple REST API allows you to customize generative models with labeled information for your particular scenario. To improve the accuracy of your outputs, fine-tune the hyperparameters of your model. You can use the API's few-shot learning capability for more relevant results and to provide examples.

Mixtral 8x22B is our latest open model. It sets new standards for performance and efficiency in the AI community. It is a sparse Mixture-of-Experts model (SMoE), which uses only 39B active variables out of 141B. This offers unparalleled cost efficiency in relation to its size. It is fluently bilingual in English, French Italian, German and Spanish. It has strong math and coding skills. It is natively able to call functions; this, along with the constrained-output mode implemented on La Plateforme, enables application development at scale and modernization of tech stacks. Its 64K context window allows for precise information retrieval from large documents. We build models with unmatched cost-efficiency for their respective sizes. This allows us to deliver the best performance-tocost ratio among models provided by the Community. Mixtral 8x22B continues our open model family. Its sparse patterns of activation make it faster than any 70B model.

Jurassic-2 is the latest generation AI21 Studio foundation models. It's a game changer in the field AI, with new capabilities and top-tier quality. We're also releasing task-specific APIs with superior reading and writing capabilities. AI21 Studio's focus is to help businesses and developers leverage reading and writing AI in order to build real-world, tangible products. The release of Task-Specific and Jurassic-2 APIs marks two significant milestones. They will enable you to bring generative AI into production. Jurassic-2 (or J2, as we like to call it) is the next generation of our foundation models with significant improvements in quality and new capabilities including zero-shot instruction-following, reduced latency, and multi-language support. Task-specific APIs offer developers industry-leading APIs for performing specialized reading and/or writing tasks.

XLNet, a new unsupervised language representation method, is based on a novel generalized Permutation Language Modeling Objective. XLNet uses Transformer-XL as its backbone model. This model is excellent for language tasks that require long context. Overall, XLNet achieves state of the art (SOTA) results in various downstream language tasks, including question answering, natural languages inference, sentiment analysis and document ranking.

ChatGLM-6B, a Chinese-English bilingual dialogue model based on General Language Model architecture (GLM), has 6.2 billion parameters. Users can deploy model quantization locally on consumer-grade graphic cards (only 6GB video memory required at INT4 quantization levels). ChatGLM-6B is based on technology similar to ChatGPT and optimized for Chinese dialogue and Q&A. After approximately 1T identifiers for Chinese and English bilingual training and supplemented with supervision and fine-tuning as well as feedback self-help and human feedback reinforcement learning, ChatGLM-6B, with 6.2 billion parameters, has been able generate answers that are in line with human preference.

A model parallel autoregressive transformator implementation on GPUs based on the DeepSpeed Library. This repository contains EleutherAI’s library for training large language models on GPUs. Our current framework is based upon NVIDIA's Megatron Language Model, and has been enhanced with techniques from DeepSpeed, as well as some novel improvements. This repo is intended to be a central and accessible place for techniques to train large-scale autoregressive models and to accelerate research into large scale training.

OLMo 2 is an open language model family developed by the Allen Institute for AI. It provides researchers and developers with open-source code and reproducible training recipes. These models can be trained with up to 5 trillion tokens, and they are competitive against other open-weight models such as Llama 3.0 on English academic benchmarks. OLMo 2 focuses on training stability by implementing techniques that prevent loss spikes in long training runs. It also uses staged training interventions to address capability deficits during late pretraining. The models incorporate the latest post-training methods from AI2's Tulu 3 resulting in OLMo 2-Instruct. The Open Language Modeling Evaluation System, or OLMES, was created to guide improvements throughout the development stages. It consists of 20 evaluation benchmarks assessing key capabilities.

Phi-2 is a 2.7-billion-parameter language-model that shows outstanding reasoning and language-understanding capabilities. It represents the state-of-the art performance among language-base models with less than thirteen billion parameters. Phi-2 can match or even outperform models 25x larger on complex benchmarks, thanks to innovations in model scaling. Phi-2's compact size makes it an ideal playground for researchers. It can be used for exploring mechanistic interpretationability, safety improvements or fine-tuning experiments on a variety tasks. We have included Phi-2 in the Azure AI Studio catalog to encourage research and development of language models.

Chinchilla has a large language. Chinchilla has the same compute budget of Gopher, but 70B more parameters and 4x as much data. Chinchilla consistently and significantly outperforms Gopher 280B, GPT-3 175B, Jurassic-1 178B, and Megatron-Turing (530B) in a wide range of downstream evaluation tasks. Chinchilla also uses less compute to perform fine-tuning, inference and other tasks. This makes it easier for downstream users to use. Chinchilla reaches a high-level average accuracy of 67.5% for the MMLU benchmark. This is a greater than 7% improvement compared to Gopher.

The training of state-of-the art language models is extremely difficult. They require large compute budgets, complex distributed computing techniques and deep ML knowledge. Few organizations are able to train large language models from scratch. The number of organizations that do not open source their results is increasing, even though they have the expertise and resources to do so. We at Cerebras believe in open access to the latest models. Cerebras is proud to announce that Cerebras GPT, a family GPT models with 111 million to thirteen billion parameters, has been released to the open-source community. These models are trained using the Chinchilla Formula and provide the highest accuracy within a given computing budget. Cerebras GPT has faster training times and lower training costs. It also consumes less power than any other publicly available model.

StarCoderBase and StarCoder are Large Language Models (Code LLMs), trained on permissively-licensed data from GitHub. This includes data from 80+ programming language, Git commits and issues, Jupyter Notebooks, and Git commits. We trained a 15B-parameter model for 1 trillion tokens, similar to LLaMA. We refined the StarCoderBase for 35B Python tokens. The result is a new model we call StarCoder. StarCoderBase is a model that outperforms other open Code LLMs in popular programming benchmarks. It also matches or exceeds closed models like code-cushman001 from OpenAI, the original Codex model which powered early versions GitHub Copilot. StarCoder models are able to process more input with a context length over 8,000 tokens than any other open LLM. This allows for a variety of interesting applications. By prompting the StarCoder model with a series dialogues, we allowed them to act like a technical assistant.

The next generation of the large language model. This release includes modelweights and starting code to pretrained and fine tuned Llama languages models, ranging from 7B-70B parameters. Llama 1 models have a context length of 2 trillion tokens. Llama 2 models have a context length double that of Llama 1. The fine-tuned Llama 2 models have been trained using over 1,000,000 human annotations. Llama 2, a new open-source language model, outperforms many other open-source language models in external benchmarks. These include tests of reasoning, coding and proficiency, as well as knowledge tests. Llama 2 has been pre-trained using publicly available online data sources. Llama-2 chat, a fine-tuned version of the model, is based on publicly available instruction datasets, and more than 1 million human annotations. We have a wide range of supporters in the world who are committed to our open approach for today's AI. These companies have provided early feedback and have expressed excitement to build with Llama 2

OpenELM is a family of open-source language models developed by Apple. It uses a layering strategy to allocate parameters efficiently within each layer of a transformer model. This leads to improved accuracy compared to other open language models. OpenELM was trained using publicly available datasets, and it achieves the best performance for its size.

Qwen LLM is a family of large-language models (LLMs), developed by Damo Academy, an Alibaba Cloud subsidiary. These models are trained using a large dataset of text and codes, allowing them the ability to understand and generate text that is human-like, translate languages, create different types of creative content and answer your question in an informative manner. Here are some of the key features of Qwen LLMs. Variety of sizes: Qwen's series includes sizes ranging from 1.8 billion parameters to 72 billion, offering options that meet different needs and performance levels. Open source: Certain versions of Qwen have open-source code, which is available to anyone for use and modification. Qwen is multilingual and can translate multiple languages including English, Chinese and Japanese. Qwen models are capable of a wide range of tasks, including text summarization and code generation, as well as generation and translation.

CodeQwen, developed by the Qwen Team, Alibaba Cloud, is the code version. It is a transformer based decoder only language model that has been pre-trained with a large number of codes. A series of benchmarks shows that the code generation is strong and that it performs well. Supporting long context generation and understanding with a context length of 64K tokens. CodeQwen is a 92-language coding language that provides excellent performance for text-to SQL, bug fixes, and more. CodeQwen chat is as simple as writing a few lines of code using transformers. We build the tokenizer and model using pre-trained methods and use the generate method for chatting. The chat template is provided by the tokenizer. Following our previous practice, we apply the ChatML Template for chat models. The model will complete the code snippets in accordance with the prompts without any additional formatting.

Samsung Gauss, a new AI-model developed by Samsung Electronics, is a powerful AI tool. It is a large-language model (LLM) which has been trained using a massive dataset. Samsung Gauss can generate text, translate different languages, create creative content and answer questions in a helpful way. Samsung Gauss, which is still in development, has already mastered many tasks, including Follow instructions and complete requests with care. Answering questions in an informative and comprehensive way, even when they are open-ended, challenging or strange. Creating different creative text formats such as poems, code, musical pieces, emails, letters, etc. Here are some examples to show what Samsung Gauss is capable of: Translation: Samsung Gauss is able to translate text between many languages, including English and German, as well as Spanish, Chinese, Japanese and Korean. Coding: Samsung Gauss can generate code.

BLOOM (autoregressive large language model) is trained to continue text using a prompt on large amounts of text data. It uses industrial-scale computational resources. It can produce coherent text in 46 languages and 13 programming language, which is almost impossible to distinguish from text written by humans. BLOOM can be trained to perform text tasks that it hasn’t been explicitly trained for by casting them as text generation jobs.

InstructGPT is an open source framework that trains language models to generate natural language instruction from visual input. It uses a generative, pre-trained transformer model (GPT) and the state of the art object detector Mask R-CNN to detect objects in images. Natural language sentences are then generated that describe the image. InstructGPT has been designed to be useful in all domains including robotics, gaming, and education. It can help robots navigate complex tasks using natural language instructions or it can help students learn by giving descriptive explanations of events or processes.

ChatGPT is an OpenAI language model. It can generate human-like responses to a variety prompts, and has been trained on a wide range of internet texts. ChatGPT can be used to perform natural language processing tasks such as conversation, question answering, and text generation. ChatGPT is a pretrained language model that uses deep-learning algorithms to generate text. It was trained using large amounts of text data. This allows it to respond to a wide variety of prompts with human-like ease. It has a transformer architecture that has been proven to be efficient in many NLP tasks. ChatGPT can generate text in addition to answering questions, text classification and language translation. This allows developers to create powerful NLP applications that can do specific tasks more accurately. ChatGPT can also process code and generate it.

RoBERTa is based on BERT's language-masking strategy. The system learns to predict hidden sections of text in unannotated language examples. RoBERTa was implemented in PyTorch and modifies key hyperparameters of BERT. This includes removing BERT’s next-sentence-pretraining objective and training with larger mini-batches. This allows RoBERTa improve on the masked-language modeling objective, which is comparable to BERT. It also leads to improved downstream task performance. We are also exploring the possibility of training RoBERTa with a lot more data than BERT and for a longer time. We used both existing unannotated NLP data sets as well as CC-News which was a new set of public news articles.

ALBERT is a Transformer model that can be self-supervised and was trained on large amounts of English data. It does not need manual labelling and instead uses an automated process that generates inputs and labels from the raw text. It is trained with two distinct goals in mind. Masked Language Modeling is the first. This randomly masks 15% words in an input sentence and requires that the model predict them. This technique is different from autoregressive models such as GPT and RNNs in that it allows the model learn bidirectional sentence representations. Sentence Ordering Prediction is the second objective. This involves predicting the order of two consecutive text segments during pretraining.

Llama (Large Language Model meta AI) is a state of the art foundational large language model that was created to aid researchers in this subfield. Llama allows researchers to use smaller, more efficient models to study these models. This further democratizes access to this rapidly-changing field. Because it takes far less computing power and resources than large language models, such as Llama, to test new approaches, validate other's work, and explore new uses, training smaller foundation models like Llama can be a desirable option. Foundation models are trained on large amounts of unlabeled data. This makes them perfect for fine-tuning for many tasks. We make Llama available in several sizes (7B-13B, 33B and 65B parameters), and also share a Llama card that explains how the model was built in line with our Responsible AI practices.

Codestral Mamba is a Mamba2 model that specializes in code generation. It is available under the Apache 2.0 license. Codestral Mamba represents another step in our efforts to study and provide architectures. We hope that it will open up new perspectives in architecture research. Mamba models have the advantage of linear inference of time and the theoretical ability of modeling sequences of unlimited length. Users can interact with the model in a more extensive way with rapid responses, regardless of the input length. This efficiency is particularly relevant for code productivity use-cases. We trained this model with advanced reasoning and code capabilities, enabling the model to perform at par with SOTA Transformer-based models.

GPT-4 (Generative Pretrained Transformer 4) a large-scale, unsupervised language model that is yet to be released. GPT-4, which is the successor of GPT-3, is part of the GPT -n series of natural-language processing models. It was trained using a dataset of 45TB text to produce text generation and understanding abilities that are human-like. GPT-4 is not dependent on additional training data, unlike other NLP models. It can generate text and answer questions using its own context. GPT-4 has been demonstrated to be capable of performing a wide range of tasks without any task-specific training data, such as translation, summarization and sentiment analysis.

PaLM 2 is Google's next-generation large language model, which builds on Google’s research and development in machine learning. It excels in advanced reasoning tasks including code and mathematics, classification and question-answering, translation and multilingual competency, and natural-language generation better than previous state-of the-art LLMs including PaLM. It is able to accomplish these tasks due to the way it has been built - combining compute-optimal scale, an improved dataset mix, and model architecture improvement. PaLM 2 is based on Google's approach for building and deploying AI responsibly. It was rigorously evaluated for its potential biases and harms, as well as its capabilities and downstream applications in research and product applications. It is being used to power generative AI tools and features at Google like Bard, the PaLM API, and other state-ofthe-art models like Sec-PaLM and Med-PaLM 2.

Yi-Large, a proprietary large language engine developed by 01.AI with a 32k context size and input and output costs of $2 per million tokens. It is distinguished by its advanced capabilities in common-sense reasoning and multilingual support. It performs on par with leading models such as GPT-4 and Claude3 when it comes to various benchmarks. Yi-Large was designed to perform tasks that require complex inference, language understanding, and prediction. It is suitable for applications such as knowledge search, data classifying, and creating chatbots. Its architecture is built on a decoder only transformer with enhancements like pre-normalization, Group Query attention, and has been trained using a large, high-quality, multilingual dataset. The model's versatility, cost-efficiency and global deployment potential make it a strong competitor in the AI market.

Gemini 2.0, an advanced AI model developed by Google is designed to offer groundbreaking capabilities for natural language understanding, reasoning and multimodal interaction. Gemini 2.0 builds on the success of Gemini's predecessor by integrating large language processing and enhanced problem-solving, decision-making, and interpretation abilities. This allows it to interpret and produce human-like responses more accurately and nuanced. Gemini 2.0, unlike traditional AI models, is trained to handle a variety of data types at once, including text, code, images, etc. This makes it a versatile tool that can be used in research, education, business and creative industries. Its core improvements are better contextual understanding, reduced biased, and a more effective architecture that ensures quicker, more reliable results. Gemini 2.0 is positioned to be a major step in the evolution AI, pushing the limits of human-computer interactions.

GPT-5 is OpenAI's Generative Pretrained Transformer. It is a large-language model (LLM), which is still in development. LLMs have been trained to work with massive amounts of text and can generate realistic and coherent texts, translate languages, create different types of creative content and answer your question in a way that is informative. It's still not available to the public. OpenAI has not announced a release schedule, but some believe it could launch in 2024. It's expected that GPT-5 will be even more powerful. GPT-4 has already proven to be impressive. It is capable of writing creative content, translating languages and generating text of human-quality. GPT-5 will be expected to improve these abilities, with improved reasoning, factual accuracy and ability to follow directions.

Adept is a ML product and research lab that builds general intelligence by enabling computers and humans to work together creatively. Designed and specifically trained to take actions on computers in response your natural language commands. ACT-1 is the first step in a foundation model which can be used with any software tool, API or website. Adept is creating a completely new way to accomplish tasks. It takes your goals in plain language and turns them into action on the software that you use every single day. We believe AI systems should be designed with users in mind -- where machines and people work together to find new solutions, make better decisions, and give us more time to do the things we love.

Our large language model can understand and reason with any observability data including unstructured data so you can quickly restore software and systems back to health. Our LLM is trained to understand and mitigate critical incidents across all types of architectures. This gives enterprise developers access to one of the world's top debugging experts. Our LLM was created to solve the most difficult part of the software development process - debugging incidents in production. Our model does not require any training and can be used with any observability data systems. It can learn from feedback and fine-tune based upon past incidents and patterns within your environment, while keeping your data within your boundaries. Flip can resolve critical incidents in seconds.

Claude Pro is a large language model that can handle complex tasks with a friendly and accessible demeanor. It is trained on high-quality, extensive data and excels at understanding contexts, interpreting subtleties, and producing well structured, coherent responses to a variety of topics. Claude Pro is able to create detailed reports, write creative content, summarize long documents, and assist with coding tasks by leveraging its robust reasoning capabilities and refined knowledge base. Its adaptive algorithms constantly improve its ability learn from feedback. This ensures that its output is accurate, reliable and helpful. Whether Claude Pro is serving professionals looking for expert support or individuals seeking quick, informative answers - it delivers a versatile, productive conversational experience.

EXAONE, a large-scale language model developed by LG AI Research, aims to nurture "Expert AI" across multiple domains. The Expert AI alliance was formed by leading companies from various fields in order to advance EXAONE's capabilities. Partner companies in the alliance will act as mentors and provide EXAONE with skills, knowledge, data, and other resources to help it gain expertise in relevant fields. EXAONE is akin to an advanced college student who has taken elective courses in general. It requires intensive training to become a specialist in a specific area. LG AI Research has already demonstrated EXAONE’s abilities in real-world applications such as Tilda AI human artist, which debuted at New York Fashion Week. AI applications have also been developed to summarize customer service conversations, and extract information from complex academic documents.

BERT is a large language model that can be used to pre-train language representations. Pre-training refers the process by which BERT is trained on large text sources such as Wikipedia. The training results can then be applied to other Natural Language Processing tasks (NLP), such as sentiment analysis and question answering. You can train many NLP models with AI Platform Training and BERT in just 30 minutes.

Mixtral 8x7B has open weights and is a high quality sparse mixture expert model (SMoE). Licensed under Apache 2.0. Mixtral outperforms Llama 70B in most benchmarks, with 6x faster Inference. It is the strongest model with an open-weight license and the best overall model in terms of cost/performance tradeoffs. It matches or exceeds GPT-3.5 in most standard benchmarks.

Pre-trained models of language have achieved state-of the-art results for various Natural Language Processing (NLP). GPT-3 has demonstrated that scaling up language models pre-trained can further exploit their immense potential. Recently, a framework named ERNIE 3.0 for pre-training large knowledge enhanced models was proposed. This framework trained a model that had 10 billion parameters. ERNIE 3.0 performed better than the current state-of-the art models on a variety of NLP tasks. In order to explore the performance of scaling up ERNIE 3.0, we train a hundred-billion-parameter model called ERNIE 3.0 Titan with up to 260 billion parameters on the PaddlePaddle platform. We also design a self supervised adversarial and a controllable model language loss to make ERNIE Titan generate credible texts.

Qwen2.5-1M is an advanced open-source language model developed by the Qwen team, capable of handling up to one million tokens in context. This release introduces two upgraded variants, Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct-1M and Qwen2.5-14B-Instruct-1M, marking a significant expansion in Qwen's capabilities. To enhance efficiency, the team has also released an optimized inference framework built on vLLM, incorporating sparse attention techniques that accelerate processing speeds by 3x to 7x for long-context inputs. The update enables more efficient handling of extensive text sequences, making it ideal for complex tasks requiring deep contextual understanding. Additional insights into the model’s architecture and performance improvements are detailed in the accompanying technical report.