Best Large Language Models in China - Page 9

MiniMax M2.5 is a next-generation foundation model built to power complex, economically valuable tasks with speed and cost efficiency. Trained using large-scale reinforcement learning across hundreds of thousands of real-world task environments, it excels in coding, tool use, search, and professional office workflows. In programming benchmarks such as SWE-Bench Verified and Multi-SWE-Bench, M2.5 reaches state-of-the-art levels while demonstrating improved multilingual coding performance. The model exhibits architect-level reasoning, planning system structure and feature decomposition before writing code. With throughput speeds of up to 100 tokens per second, it completes complex evaluations significantly faster than earlier versions. Reinforcement learning optimizations enable more precise search rounds and fewer reasoning steps, improving overall efficiency. M2.5 is available in two variants—standard and Lightning—offering identical capabilities with different speed configurations. Pricing is designed to be dramatically lower than competing frontier models, reducing cost barriers for large-scale agent deployment. Integrated into MiniMax Agent, the model supports advanced office skills including Word formatting, Excel financial modeling, and PowerPoint editing. By combining high performance, efficiency, and affordability, MiniMax M2.5 aims to make agent-powered productivity accessible at scale.

DeepSeek-V4 is an advanced open-source large language model engineered for efficient long-context processing and high-level reasoning tasks. Supporting a massive one million token context window, it enables developers to build applications that handle extensive data and complex workflows without fragmentation. The model is available in two versions: V4-Pro for maximum reasoning power and V4-Flash for faster, cost-efficient performance. DeepSeek-V4-Pro delivers top-tier results in coding, mathematics, and knowledge benchmarks, rivaling leading proprietary models. Its architecture incorporates innovative attention techniques that significantly improve efficiency while maintaining strong performance. The model is optimized for agent-based workflows, allowing seamless integration with tools and automation systems. It also supports dual reasoning modes, enabling users to switch between quick responses and deeper analytical outputs. DeepSeek-V4 is fully open-source, providing flexibility for customization and deployment across various environments. Overall, it offers a powerful and scalable solution for modern AI development.

Tiny Aya represents a collection of open-weight multilingual language models developed by Cohere Labs, aimed at providing robust and flexible AI capabilities that function seamlessly on local devices such as smartphones and laptops, all without the need for continuous cloud access. This innovative model is dedicated to facilitating superior text comprehension and generation in over 70 languages, notably including numerous lower-resource languages that typically receive less attention from conventional models. Engineered with lightweight structures comprising around 3.35 billion parameters, Tiny Aya has been fine-tuned for optimal multilingual representation and practical computational efficiency, making it ideal for deployment in edge environments and offline scenarios. Furthermore, the models are designed to support downstream adaptation and instruction tuning, enabling developers to tailor the models’ behaviors for specific use cases while ensuring strong performance across languages. As a result, Tiny Aya not only enhances access to advanced AI solutions but also empowers developers to create customized applications that meet diverse linguistic needs.

Qwen3.5 represents a major advancement in open-weight multimodal AI models, engineered to function as a native vision-language agent system. Its flagship model, Qwen3.5-397B-A17B, leverages a hybrid architecture that fuses Gated DeltaNet linear attention with a high-sparsity mixture-of-experts framework, allowing only 17 billion parameters to activate during inference for improved speed and cost efficiency. Despite its sparse activation, the full 397-billion-parameter model achieves competitive performance across reasoning, coding, multilingual benchmarks, and complex agent evaluations. The hosted Qwen3.5-Plus version supports a one-million-token context window and includes built-in tool use for search, code interpretation, and adaptive reasoning. The model significantly expands multilingual coverage to 201 languages and dialects while improving encoding efficiency with a larger vocabulary. Native multimodal training enables strong performance in image understanding, video processing, document analysis, and spatial reasoning tasks. Its infrastructure includes FP8 precision pipelines and heterogeneous parallelism to boost throughput and reduce memory consumption. Reinforcement learning at scale enhances multi-step planning and general agent behavior across text and multimodal environments. Overall, Qwen3.5 positions itself as a high-efficiency foundation for autonomous digital agents capable of reasoning, searching, coding, and interacting with complex environments.

Mistral Small 4 is a next-generation open-source AI model created by Mistral AI to deliver powerful reasoning, coding, and multimodal capabilities within a single unified architecture. The model merges features from several specialized systems, including Magistral for advanced reasoning, Pixtral for multimodal processing, and Devstral for agentic software development tasks. It supports both text and image inputs, enabling applications such as conversational AI, document analysis, and visual data interpretation. The model is built using a mixture-of-experts design with 128 experts, allowing efficient scaling while maintaining strong performance across diverse tasks. Users can adjust the model’s reasoning behavior through a configurable parameter that toggles between lightweight responses and deeper analytical processing. Mistral Small 4 also provides a large context window that enables it to handle long conversations, detailed documents, and complex reasoning chains. Compared with earlier versions, the model offers improved performance, reduced latency, and higher throughput for real-time applications. Developers can integrate it with popular machine learning frameworks such as Transformers, vLLM, and llama.cpp. The model’s open-source Apache 2.0 license allows organizations to fine-tune and customize it for specialized use cases. By combining efficiency, flexibility, and multimodal intelligence, Mistral Small 4 provides a versatile foundation for building advanced AI-powered applications.

GLM-5-Turbo represents a rapid iteration of Z.ai’s GLM-5 model, engineered to offer both efficient and stable performance specifically tailored for agent-driven scenarios, all while preserving robust reasoning and programming abilities. This model is fine-tuned to handle high-throughput demands, especially in complex long-chain agent tasks that necessitate a series of sequential steps, tools, and decisions executed reliably and with minimal latency. With its support for sophisticated agentic workflows, GLM-5-Turbo enhances multi-step planning, tool utilization, and task execution, delivering superior responsiveness compared to larger flagship models in the lineup. Drawing from the foundational strengths of the GLM-5 family, it maintains strong capabilities in reasoning, coding, and processing extensive contexts, but prioritizes the optimization of essential aspects like speed, efficiency, and stability within production settings. Furthermore, it is crafted to seamlessly integrate with agent frameworks such as OpenClaw, allowing it to proficiently coordinate actions, manage inputs, and carry out tasks effectively. This ensures that users benefit from a responsive and reliable tool that can adapt to various operational demands and complexities.

MiniMax M2.7 is a powerful AI model built to drive real-world productivity across coding, search, and office-based workflows. It is trained using reinforcement learning across a wide range of real-world environments, enabling it to execute complex, multi-step tasks with precision and efficiency. The model demonstrates strong problem-solving capabilities by breaking down challenges into structured steps before generating solutions across multiple programming languages. It delivers high-speed performance with rapid token output, ensuring faster completion of demanding tasks. With optimized reasoning, it reduces token usage and execution time, making it more efficient than previous models. M2.7 also achieves state-of-the-art results in software engineering benchmarks, significantly improving response times for technical issues. Its advanced agentic capabilities allow it to work seamlessly with tools and support complex workflows with high skill accuracy. The model is designed to handle professional tasks, including multi-turn interactions and high-quality document editing. It also provides strong support for office productivity, enabling efficient handling of structured data and business tasks. With competitive pricing, it delivers high performance while remaining cost-effective. Overall, it combines speed, intelligence, and versatility to meet the needs of modern professionals and teams.

Xiaomi MiMo-V2-Pro is an advanced AI foundation model engineered to support real-world agentic workloads and complex workflow orchestration. It serves as the central intelligence for agent systems, enabling seamless coordination of coding, search, and multi-step task execution. The model is built on a large-scale architecture with over a trillion parameters, supporting extended context lengths for handling complex scenarios. It demonstrates strong benchmark performance, particularly in coding and agent-based evaluations, placing it among top-tier global models. MiMo-V2-Pro is optimized for real-world usability, focusing on reliability, efficiency, and practical task completion rather than just theoretical performance. It features improved tool-calling accuracy and stability, making it suitable for integration into production environments. The model also excels in software engineering tasks, offering structured reasoning and high-quality code generation. With its ability to handle long-context interactions, it supports advanced workflows across development and automation use cases. Its API accessibility and competitive pricing make it attractive for developers and enterprises. Overall, MiMo-V2-Pro delivers a balance of scale, intelligence, and real-world performance for modern AI applications.

Qwen3.5-35B-A3B is a member of the Qwen3.5 "Medium" model series, meticulously crafted as an effective multimodal foundation model that strikes a balance between robust reasoning capabilities and practical application needs. Utilizing a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture, it boasts a total of 35 billion parameters, yet activates only around 3 billion for each token, enabling it to achieve performance levels similar to much larger models while significantly cutting down on computational expenses. The model employs a hybrid attention mechanism that merges linear attention with traditional attention layers, which enhances its ability to handle extensive context and boosts scalability for intricate tasks. As an inherently vision-language model, it processes both textual and visual data, catering to a variety of applications, including multimodal reasoning, programming, and automated workflows. Furthermore, it is engineered to operate as a versatile "AI agent," proficient in planning, utilizing tools, and systematically solving problems, extending its functionality beyond mere conversational interactions. This capability positions it as a valuable asset across diverse domains, where advanced AI-driven solutions are increasingly required.

GPT-5.5 Pro is a next-generation AI model built for execution-heavy tasks across coding, research, business analysis, and scientific workflows. It can interpret complex instructions, break them into steps, and carry work through to completion using tools and automation. The model supports tasks such as generating documents, building applications, analyzing datasets, and navigating software environments. It is designed to operate across tools, enabling seamless workflows from idea to output. In addition, GPT-5.5 Pro integrates with workspace agents—customizable AI agents that automate recurring and multi-step processes across teams. These agents can handle tasks like lead research, reporting, and workflow automation, running independently or on schedules. Built with enterprise-grade safeguards, the model ensures secure and controlled automation. It helps organizations improve productivity by reducing manual effort and accelerating decision-making. GPT-5.5 Pro is ideal for teams looking to scale operations and handle complex workloads efficiently.

Qwen3.6-27B is an open-source, dense multimodal language model from the Qwen3.6 series, engineered to provide top-tier performance in areas such as coding, reasoning, and agent-driven workflows, all while maintaining an efficient parameter count of 27 billion. This model is recognized for its ability to outperform or compete closely with much larger counterparts on essential benchmarks, particularly excelling in agent-based coding tasks. It features dual operational modes—thinking and non-thinking—that enable it to effectively adapt its reasoning depth and response speed based on the specific requirements of each task. Additionally, it supports a variety of input types, including text, images, and video, showcasing its versatility. As part of the Qwen3.6 lineup, this model prioritizes practical usability, consistency, and the enhancement of developer productivity, reflecting advancements inspired by community insights and real-world application demands. Its innovative design not only responds to immediate user needs but also anticipates future trends in AI development.

DeepSeek-V4-Pro is an advanced Mixture-of-Experts language model built for high-performance reasoning, coding, and large-scale AI applications. With 1.6 trillion total parameters and 49 billion activated parameters, it delivers strong capabilities while maintaining computational efficiency. The model supports a massive context window of up to one million tokens, making it ideal for handling long documents and complex workflows. Its hybrid attention architecture improves efficiency by reducing computational overhead while maintaining accuracy. Trained on more than 32 trillion tokens, DeepSeek-V4-Pro demonstrates strong performance across knowledge, reasoning, and coding benchmarks. It includes advanced training techniques such as improved optimization and enhanced signal propagation for better stability. The model offers multiple reasoning modes, allowing users to choose between faster responses or deeper analytical thinking. It is designed to support agentic workflows and complex multi-step problem solving. As an open-source model, it provides flexibility for developers and organizations to customize and deploy at scale. Overall, DeepSeek-V4-Pro delivers a balance of performance, efficiency, and scalability for demanding AI applications.

DeepSeek-V4-Flash is an optimized Mixture-of-Experts language model built for efficient large-scale AI workloads and fast inference. With 284 billion total parameters and 13 billion activated parameters, it delivers strong performance while maintaining lower computational demands compared to larger models. The model supports a massive context length of up to one million tokens, making it suitable for handling long-form content and multi-step workflows. Its hybrid attention mechanism improves efficiency by minimizing resource consumption while preserving accuracy. Trained on a dataset exceeding 32 trillion tokens, DeepSeek-V4-Flash performs well across reasoning, coding, and knowledge benchmarks. It offers flexible reasoning modes, enabling users to switch between quick responses and more detailed analytical outputs. The architecture is designed to support agentic workflows and scalable deployment environments. As an open-source model, it provides flexibility for customization and integration. Overall, DeepSeek-V4-Flash is a cost-effective and high-performance solution for modern AI applications.

GPT-5.6 Terra is OpenAI’s balanced GPT-5.6 model for users who need strong performance across everyday work, development tasks, enterprise workflows, and technical analysis. The model is part of the GPT-5.6 family alongside Sol and Luna, with Terra positioned as the middle tier for capable, cost-efficient use. Terra is described as having competitive performance to GPT-5.5 while being 2x cheaper, making it useful for teams that want advanced capability without always using the flagship model. It supports coding workflows, agentic tasks, cybersecurity-related defensive work, biology workflows, knowledge work, and tool-assisted automation. In benchmark previews, Terra appears alongside Sol and Luna in evaluations for coding, biology, ExploitBench, and ExploitGym. The model benefits from the GPT-5.6 safeguard stack, which includes model-level refusals for prohibited cyber assistance, real-time cyber and biology misuse classifiers, and account-level risk review. These safeguards are designed to preserve access to legitimate work such as code review, debugging, vulnerability research, patch development, security education, and defensive testing. GPT-5.6 Terra is planned for availability through the API, Codex, and broader OpenAI products after the limited preview period. GPT-5.6 Terra helps teams get a balanced model for high-quality AI work when they need strong reasoning and automation at a lower cost than Sol.

Sakana Fugu is a multi-agent AI platform and AI model that gives users access to coordinated model intelligence through one API. Instead of relying on one frontier model, Fugu dynamically selects, routes, and coordinates multiple expert models to complete complex tasks more effectively. The system is based on research into learned model orchestration, including the TRINITY and Conductor approaches for assembling agents and guiding collaboration patterns. Fugu is designed for coding, code review, reasoning, research, paper reproduction, cybersecurity analysis, patent investigation, and other work that benefits from multiple specialized agents. Users can access Fugu and Fugu Ultra through an OpenAI-compatible API, making integration easier for existing workflows and developer tools. Fugu is positioned as the default option for everyday use because it balances performance and latency. Fugu Ultra is built for difficult, high-value tasks where maximum quality matters more than speed. The platform also gives organizations the ability to opt out of specific models or providers for data, privacy, compliance, or internal policy reasons. Sakana Fugu helps users reduce dependence on a single AI vendor while gaining a flexible orchestration layer for advanced multi-step AI work.

GPT-5.6 Sol is OpenAI’s flagship model in the GPT-5.6 series, built for high-end reasoning, coding, scientific analysis, cybersecurity, and agentic automation. The model is designed to handle complex tasks that require planning, iteration, tool coordination, long-horizon reasoning, and careful execution across multiple steps. GPT-5.6 Sol introduces max reasoning effort, giving the model more time to reason deeply through difficult problems. It also introduces ultra mode, which uses subagents to accelerate complex work and extend capability beyond a single-agent workflow. For coding, GPT-5.6 Sol is positioned for command-line workflows, software engineering tasks, debugging, testing, and multi-step tool use. In biology and quantitative research workflows, the model is designed to support genomics analysis and other long-context scientific tasks while using tokens more efficiently than prior models. For cybersecurity, GPT-5.6 Sol supports legitimate defensive work such as vulnerability research, code review, patch development, security education, and defensive testing. The model includes a layered safeguard stack with trained refusals, real-time cyber and biology misuse classifiers, account-level monitoring, differentiated access, human-in-the-loop review, and ongoing red-team testing. GPT-5.6 Sol helps trusted users and organizations access more powerful AI for technical work while maintaining stronger controls around misuse, sensitive requests, and high-risk activity.

GPT-5.6 Luna is OpenAI’s fast, cost-efficient model in the GPT-5.6 lineup. The GPT-5.6 family includes Sol for flagship performance, Terra for balanced everyday work, and Luna for strong capability at the lowest listed price. Luna is designed for users who need scalable AI support for routine tasks, coding assistance, workflow automation, analysis, and production API use cases where speed and cost matter. According to the pasted preview text, Luna is priced below both Sol and Terra, making it the most affordable GPT-5.6 option for high-volume workloads. The model is included in GPT-5.6 benchmark previews across Terminal-Bench 2.1, GeneBench v1, ExploitBench, and ExploitGym, showing that it is part of the same technical family used for coding, biology, and cybersecurity evaluations. Luna benefits from safeguards developed across the GPT-5.6 series, including model-level refusal training, real-time cyber and biology misuse classifiers, account-level signals, differentiated access, monitoring, enforcement, and ongoing testing. These controls are designed to preserve legitimate use cases such as debugging, code review, defensive testing, security education, and productivity automation while constraining prohibited misuse. GPT-5.6 Luna is planned for broader access through ChatGPT, Codex, and the API after the limited preview period. GPT-5.6 Luna helps developers and organizations run useful AI workflows with a practical balance of affordability, responsiveness, and safety.

The Hy3 preview represents Tencent Hy's most advanced model in the Hy series to date, featuring a substantial 295 billion parameters in a Mixture-of-Experts structure, with 21 billion parameters activated and an impressive 3.8 billion parameters dedicated to the MTP layer, all while accommodating a context window of up to 256,000 tokens. This groundbreaking model is the first to harness Tencent Hy's newly revamped infrastructure, aimed at enhancing practical applications in areas such as complex reasoning, following instructions, learning from context, coding tasks, and overall inference capabilities. By seamlessly integrating both rapid and thorough cognitive processing, it provides straightforward answers for simpler inquiries while facilitating in-depth analysis for intricate math, programming, and reasoning challenges. The model is crafted to exhibit comprehensive skills in understanding long contexts, adhering to instructions, employing tools, and executing agent workflows, with assessments conducted not only against conventional benchmarks but also within real-world business and development contexts. Furthermore, its design ensures adaptability to a wide range of scenarios, thereby broadening its usability in diverse applications.

RoBERTa enhances the language masking approach established by BERT, where the model is designed to predict segments of text that have been deliberately concealed within unannotated language samples. Developed using PyTorch, RoBERTa makes significant adjustments to BERT's key hyperparameters, such as eliminating the next-sentence prediction task and utilizing larger mini-batches along with elevated learning rates. These modifications enable RoBERTa to excel in the masked language modeling task more effectively than BERT, resulting in superior performance in various downstream applications. Furthermore, we examine the benefits of training RoBERTa on a substantially larger dataset over an extended duration compared to BERT, incorporating both existing unannotated NLP datasets and CC-News, a new collection sourced from publicly available news articles. This comprehensive approach allows for a more robust and nuanced understanding of language.

ESMFold demonstrates how artificial intelligence can equip us with innovative instruments to explore the natural world, akin to the way the microscope revolutionized our perception by allowing us to observe the minute details of life. Through AI, we can gain a fresh perspective on the vast array of biological diversity, enhancing our comprehension of life sciences. A significant portion of AI research has been dedicated to enabling machines to interpret the world in a manner reminiscent of human understanding. However, the complex language of proteins remains largely inaccessible to humans and has proven challenging for even the most advanced computational systems. Nevertheless, AI holds the promise of unlocking this intricate language, facilitating our grasp of biological processes. Exploring AI within the realm of biology not only enriches our understanding of life sciences but also sheds light on the broader implications of artificial intelligence itself. Our research highlights the interconnectedness of various fields: the large language models powering advancements in machine translation, natural language processing, speech recognition, and image synthesis also possess the capability to assimilate profound insights about biological systems. This cross-disciplinary approach could pave the way for unprecedented discoveries in both AI and biology.

XLNet introduces an innovative approach to unsupervised language representation learning by utilizing a unique generalized permutation language modeling objective. Furthermore, it leverages the Transformer-XL architecture, which proves to be highly effective in handling language tasks that require processing of extended contexts. As a result, XLNet sets new benchmarks with its state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance across multiple downstream language applications, such as question answering, natural language inference, sentiment analysis, and document ranking. This makes XLNet a significant advancement in the field of natural language processing.

FreedomGPT represents an entirely uncensored and private AI chatbot developed by Age of AI, LLC. Our venture capital firm is dedicated to investing in emerging companies that will shape the future of Artificial Intelligence, while prioritizing transparency as a fundamental principle. We are convinced that AI has the potential to significantly enhance the quality of life for people around the globe, provided it is utilized in a responsible manner that prioritizes individual liberties. This chatbot was designed to illustrate the essential need for AI that is free from bias and censorship, emphasizing the importance of complete privacy. As generative AI evolves to become an extension of human thought, it is crucial that it remains shielded from involuntary exposure to others. A key component of our investment strategy at Age of AI is the belief that individuals and organizations alike will require their own private large language models. By supporting companies that focus on this vision, we aim to transform various sectors and ensure that personalized AI becomes an integral part of everyday life.

CodeGen is an open-source framework designed for generating code through program synthesis, utilizing TPU-v4 for its training. It stands out as a strong contender against OpenAI Codex in the realm of code generation solutions.

StarCoder and StarCoderBase represent advanced Large Language Models specifically designed for code, developed using openly licensed data from GitHub, which encompasses over 80 programming languages, Git commits, GitHub issues, and Jupyter notebooks. In a manner akin to LLaMA, we constructed a model with approximately 15 billion parameters trained on a staggering 1 trillion tokens. Furthermore, we tailored the StarCoderBase model with 35 billion Python tokens, leading to the creation of what we now refer to as StarCoder. Our evaluations indicated that StarCoderBase surpasses other existing open Code LLMs when tested against popular programming benchmarks and performs on par with or even exceeds proprietary models like code-cushman-001 from OpenAI, the original Codex model that fueled early iterations of GitHub Copilot. With an impressive context length exceeding 8,000 tokens, the StarCoder models possess the capability to handle more information than any other open LLM, thus paving the way for a variety of innovative applications. This versatility is highlighted by our ability to prompt the StarCoder models through a sequence of dialogues, effectively transforming them into dynamic technical assistants that can provide support in diverse programming tasks.

Introducing the next iteration of our open-source large language model, this version features model weights along with initial code for the pretrained and fine-tuned Llama language models, which span from 7 billion to 70 billion parameters. The Llama 2 pretrained models have been developed using an impressive 2 trillion tokens and offer double the context length compared to their predecessor, Llama 1. Furthermore, the fine-tuned models have been enhanced through the analysis of over 1 million human annotations. Llama 2 demonstrates superior performance against various other open-source language models across multiple external benchmarks, excelling in areas such as reasoning, coding capabilities, proficiency, and knowledge assessments. For its training, Llama 2 utilized publicly accessible online data sources, while the fine-tuned variant, Llama-2-chat, incorporates publicly available instruction datasets along with the aforementioned extensive human annotations. Our initiative enjoys strong support from a diverse array of global stakeholders who are enthusiastic about our open approach to AI, including companies that have provided valuable early feedback and are eager to collaborate using Llama 2. The excitement surrounding Llama 2 signifies a pivotal shift in how AI can be developed and utilized collectively.