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Comment Re:Headline should say... (Score 1) 786

Not really. In this context, giga is a prefix for billions of tons. As I've already pointed out in another response, 1 cubic mile of magma can convert up to 60% by volume into CO2/SO2. Since CO2/SO2 is about 2.5 times heavier, that means about ~70-80 trillion pounds of gas can be produced by 1 cubic mile of magma. Since the typical eruption involves several cubic miles of magma, you get hundreds of trillions of pounds of gas (or 100's of billions of tons of gas).
Also, as I stated, the US and China produced in their vehicles alone less than 3 billion tons of CO2 (300 billion gallons burned where 1 gallon of fuel generates about 19 lbs of CO2 per gallon) . This the single largest source of CO2 in the world. The estimate of about 6 billion tons of CO2 is produced per year is pretty close to reality. Granted, it might be closer to 7 billion tons, but even then it can't even come close to a volcano.

Comment Re:Headline should say... (Score 1) 786

I'd love to see how you came up with your numbers.
Let's do a little math for you - ok?
The largest contributor of CO2 in the US and China is in their vehicles. The US and China burned about 300 billion gallons of gasoline last year. Each gallon of gasoline contribute 19 lbs of CO2 to the atmosphere. That is ~2.85 BILLON tons of CO2. That is it! The biggest source of green-house gases by humans ONLY produces less than 3 BILLION tons of CO2 in its entirety.
Now, let's consider how much CO2 is contributed when a volcano turns magma into CO2/SO2 - still with me?
1 cubic mile of magma weighs ~45 trillion pounds. Up to 60% BY VOLUME can be turned into CO2/SO2 which is ~70-80 trillion pounds . That means that one volcanic eruption, which typically involves several cubic miles of magma produces - ready? 100's of trillion pounds of CO2/SO2 which translates into hundreds of BILLION tons of CO2/SO2.

Comment Re:Headline should say... (Score 1) 786

The the best estimate of CO2/SO2 emissions from the Mt St Helen's eruption was estimated during a series of presentations on the erupation at about 0.2 gigatons (200 BILLION tons). http://www.agu.org/meetings/fm05/fm05-sessions The world-wide estimate is about 6 BILLION tons. http://www.eia.gov/oiaf/1605/ggccebro/chapter1.html The problem with you quacks is your numbers aren't based in reality. You are literally a bunch of quacks who live in a word of fantasy. Your number aren't based on any real esitmates or scientific data.

Comment Re:Prediction (Score 1) 283

I'll make this short. You ARE delusional. No pressurized craft can get to Mars in 6 months. We just don't have the technical know-how to build rockets that energetic (or the energy sources/fuel) to go that fast. The best case of a Hohman transer orbit is 9 months. The most likely case is 11-12 months. After that I just ignored the rest of what you had to say because it is clear you don't have any knowledge about this and live in a world of science fiction. Let me be clear, we will never successfully go to Mars in our liftetimes (the next 50 - 100 years). You may be right and some bonehead nation or corporation will try to do it and everyone will die in the attempt. That will end all attempts until we are technilogically and economically capable of such a flight and dealing with the real problems you just ignore. There isn't likely to be men on Mars in the next few centuries. But, please continue in your delusions. They have no bearing on reality.

Comment Re:Prediction (Score 1) 283

I carefully read your response and it boils down to dismissal, a lot of denial, and some delusion.
1) Your assumptions about long term exposure to micro-gravity is mostly a denial of the problem. Not a working solution. We know that people react differently to different factors and to state that everyone, in particular the people landing on Mars, will be just fine after such a prolonged period of being in micro-gravity is simply a dismissal of the problem. If you've seen video of people that have returned from long term micro-gravity exposure experiments, you'd realize they are non-functional. They can't move. They can't stand. They need to be carried. While I'll admit, the effect may be less in a lower gravity environment like Mars, I don't believe you have any idea how long it will take for the each of crew to become functional again after such a long exposure. And it may be deadly to have the crew non-functional too in case there is an emergency.
Also, don't forget it is a year back too. The long term effects of a 2 years of micro-gravity exposure could be deadly if the crew actually made it back to Earth alive too.
2) You basically have conceded this point. You state the crew can go to a storm cellar. What's the difference? It will require radiation shielding. You are basically admitting that the ship will need heavy radiation shielding (which is large, bulky, and expensive to put in place).,
3) I really don't think you know the odds of the ship getting hit over such a long time. I don't think anyone does. They may be pretty good, so the question is - how many dead astronauts are acceptable on a mission like this (provided they don't get hit with a rock bit enough to depressurize the capsule completely and kill them all)?
----------------
In summary, I think any attempt to go to Mars on the cheap is a recipe in disaster. It glosses over serious problems which only means more people will die The only way to minimize losses would be as I stated - rotating sections to expose the crew to a simulated gravity, many sealed sections in case of puncture by micro-meteorites, and a heavy radiation shield. The ship would be massive, expensive to build and fuel. It could easily cost a trillion or more to build such a craft, send it to mars, and retrieve it. And even in that case, there is still a good chance a few of the crew would die. It simply is not practical in today's world or anytime our lifetimes.

Comment Re:Prediction (Score 1) 283

Clearly you have no idea what you are talking about.
1) Astronauts that travel for a year without gravity to Mars (which has gravity) will be non-functional in a gravity environment. They will need to be exposed to a gravity environment to be able to perform their mission. Otherwise, they'll be bed ridden when they get to Mars.
2) Robots are not people. The astronauts will be travelling outside of the Earth's magnetic field for the period of a year and they will be exposed to many solar flares during that time. It is not a matter of luck. There is a 100% chance they'll be hit by high doses of solar radiation from these events. This is not a large concern within the Earth's magnetic field. However, this would be deadly to anyone travelling outside of that field and was exposed without significant radiation shielding.
3) Micro-meteorites. Again, this demonstrates you have no clue that you know what you are talking about. The craft we have sent were robotic unpressurized vehicles designed to survive in the harsh environment of space. The problem is that we aren't talking about sending a robot. We are sending people in a pressurized capsule. People aren't designed to take hits from micro-meteorites. If a micro-meteorite goes through the capsule, it de-pressurizes. If it goes through a persons head, heart, or major artery or vein - they'll die. Get the picture? Also, you didn't understand my comment about Earth's gravity well either. The space around Earth is relatively empty of these micro-meteorites because the Earth's mass pulls them in like a huge vacuum cleaner. That is not true once you leave the Earth's gravity well.
So honestly, where did you get your expertise and not know a damn thing about anything?

Comment Re:Prediction (Score 1) 283

First, Mars Direct is a pipe dream. Anyone going on that death trap is going to die. It doesn't even pretend to address the big three problems that is going to kill anyone going to Mars (the lack of gravity, radiation from the Sun, and micro-meteorites). Second, LEO is not Mars. It isn't even the Moon. It is so far beyond any concept of what we have ever thought about doing that it is ridiculous. Third, Elon Musk is rich and wants to spend trillions of American tax payer dollars on space. All that tells me is he is a rich idiot, nothing more.

Comment Re:Mars500 'nauts didn't starve (Score 2) 283

Ok, you can survive 437.7 days in microgravity. You do realize they have to land on Mars and it has gravity. They will be in no shape to land or do anything after that long without having been in a gravity environment along the way. The other problem is lets suppose they use water. Water isn't exactly light and for the same amount of protection, you will probably have to put up 15 times as much water as lead making the vehicle even bigger. Also, your estimate that the vehicle would be 50 tons is ridiculous. Anything with rotating sections, a large radiation shield, and the fuel alone is going many times heavier (probably on the order of 1,000 tons). It is a simple fact this is all purely science fiction and nobody will go to Mars in our lifetimes.

Comment Re:Prediction (Score 1) 283

You do realize there is a HUGE difference between a 1 hour flight and an 18 hour flight don't you? Also, the Concorde was not significantly faster compared to a slower transatlantic flight. And I'm not claiming it would be inexpensive, but they are already building this stuff for space tourism. Why not employ it to get you somewhere instead? That at least is a worthwhile national goal.

Comment Re:Minerals / mining (in short: money) (Score 1) 283

Factories and forges that assemble themselves from raw materials automatically (even with a starter factory) do not exist anywhere but in science fiction. It would probably take 30 years (who knows - maybe a 100 years) or more to design such a system that actually worked (and that is if you had the materials in ready supply). This is the kind of delusion that all people that want to go back to the Moon engage in. I'll give you my prediction, all of this is going to blow up in people's faces when they understand how truly expensive this is and 50 years from now - the only thing that is going to be on the Moon is the American flag and maybe a Chinese flag. Each having cost hundreds of billions to place there.

Comment Re:Minerals / mining (in short: money) (Score 1) 283

There is nothing to mine in LEO. We are talking about an operation on the Moon, not LEO. The costs aren't nearly going to be the same. We are talking about facilities, mining, food, water, shelter, transportation, fuel. It cost $250 billion to get the moon with the Saturn rockets. It is going to cost at least that to get back to the Moon, and then you have to prospect it since all we know about on there is dust, rocks, and maybe some water. If there is nothing there, you are out easily hundreds of billions, then you have to build all that stuff. It'll cost easily a trillion or more just for that. There is no way the American public is going to support a prospecting mission/mining operation to the moon for that amount of money. Not in our liftetimes at least.

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