You must be young, because that isn't how it happened at all. In the 80's, when Microsoft became big, the business world was dominated by IBM, Wang, Borroughs and big players like that. Corporate computing was a big mainframe, with terminals installed and controlled by the IT professionals. People had personal computers at home, and some of them realized that they could use a computer like the one at home to solve problems at work. So non-IT professionals started setting up their own spreadsheet/database things independent of IT, and that brought about the PC business revolution. It was only later that Microsoft and MSWindows became the business standard, and then leveraged their position back into the personal/home market.

So the iPhone and iPad are doing exactly what microsoft did: using guerilla IT tactics to subvert the dominant computer paradigm.

I teach freshman chemistry at a large private college, and I think that most of my students would actually prefer mindless memorization of facts. We run two courses for freshman, one that is big sections with multiple choice tests aimed at pre-meds, and another that is calculus based where we focus on problem-solving tasks, and the development of ideas. For most of the students, this is the first hard course they have ever taken, and most of them have one of two reactions: either they see it as a sign of personal failure that for the first time in their lives it isn't easy, or they blame me for asking them questions that aren't anything like what I taught in class. In their minds, they believe that they are already intelligent, and my challenging them intellectually is threatening because it doesn't acknowledge their native brilliance. The think that they have critical thinking and only need facts, when in actuality they have plenty of facts but are lacking in critical thinking.

In the end, though, the biggest problem on our campus is one of expectations. Our course catalog states that "a well prepared student should be doing 3 hours of were for each credit hour to get an average grade". Most of my students see their roommates and friends with non-science majors spending 1/3 of the time on their courses, and feel that they are being cheated because I really expect them to spend 10+ on my course. Educational research shows that time on task is the best predictor of learning and cognitive development, so I don't feel bad setting my students hard tasks, but they don't tend to see the value of hard work soon enough.

As a person living in Utah, I can attest that there is an inordinate number of out of work lawyers here. Not only that, we have a lot of lawyers here that are very entrepreneurial. That is a very bad combination, and there are lots of silly legal things happening here. So, if your choices are to take on a potentially hopeless law suit or collect up shopping carts at Walmart, stupid law suits don't look to bad.

Actually my daughters' hearing aides are even cooler. They not only have variable amplifiers that are tuned to match their hearing loss, they also have a pitch shifting program that shifts higher frequencies down so that as their high frequency loss increases, we can just move the upper frequencies down to where they are still sensitive. Happily they don't need that yet, but it is available.

And while I agree that the prices are insane, things are a bit better than they sound. Our audiologist includes all fitting, re-programming, adjustments, and continued testing in the cost. So we don't pay anything for our twice yearly visits, which saves a couple of hundred dollars a year, and we figure counts for 25% of the purchase costs over a 5 year life time.

My only complaint is with the headline. It should read "Bill Gates looks to give money to people to invent a new toilet". I am pretty sure that he will not be involved in the actual development. I think that his foundation does a lot of good work, and respect the fact that he isn't just hording his money, but it should also be recognized that the actual work is done by people in the field, and not by him personally.

Actually, it kind of reminds me of a recent, very bad decision, at work. We hired a firm to develop a new web site. We checked their previous work and it looked good. As we got more deeply involved with them we discovered that the "company" was actually a couple of business front guys who wrote the contracts, and then farmed out the work to a bunch of contract college student programmers. When we ran into implementation problems, the couldn't help us because they didn't know any of the technology, and their contract workers had moved on and so couldn't help us either. But they still maintain that they are the key players in the complany, despite having no expertise in the work that they are doing.

Leaves on trees are actually not that efficient, it is just that it is so "cheap" for a tree to make new ones that it doesn't matter. If I could buy 250 W panels for $100, I would have my roof covered, even if they were twice the size of the current units.

I don't know about that, but I remember many years ago writing a simple assembly language program on a TRS-80 model 3 that accepted keyboard input, and streamed it directly to a daisy wheel printer. Made for a very expensive typewriter, but it was easier to get stuff done in the computer lab than in the typing teacher's room.

Oh, the old days.

Well, it depends on the ratio of the growth of costs of other electricity generation methods. The cost of generation for this installation is fixed over the lifetime of the plant, so its long-term cost is basically the cost of return on a conservative bond. Cost of a coal/oil/coal/nuclear powerplant depends on the future cost of fuel, the future cost of environmental remediation/wast disposal. So if oil keep going up in cost, this plant just gets cheaper and cheaper (relatively), but if it drops back down, then it gets more expensive. In google's mind, they seem to want to fix the price of electricity so that it is predictable, even if that makes the cost higher. This is a classic hedge-type bet that they think energy costs will rise faster than inflation, which is a least a reasonable guess, even if it not certain.

As a professor who deals with this daily, I can tell you my opinion. I teach honors freshman chemistry with 60-80 students in my class. In the last 4 years I haven't had a single student who uses a laptop in class get an 'A' grade in my class. Most of them have ended up underperforming on tests, and then blaming my teaching for their failure to work up to their potential. This is anecdotal, but by the time I get to a few hundred students, it starts to look statistical. In an interesting real statistical development, we did a study in our large GE physical science class about the use of technology. We teach 8 section of the class each semester with identical homework and tests in all sections. We compared performance on tests between sections with teachers that pre-published powerpoint slides and teachers that didn't. Students statistically significantly worse in the sections where they had access to the powerpoint slides. When I poll my students they all tell me how much of an advantage it would be to have them, but it turns out that what they think will help them is not what will help them. We have passed our research on to the business school which requires students to have laptops, and faculty to pre-publish slides (because that is how the business world works) but they aren't interested in knowing.