And why does this make a person qualified? Why is a person unqualified if he does not hold these distinctions?
Obviously because of the next snippet you quote. It's not really to scientists, but to the published science that we must ultimately defer. If you are not publishing, or at least directly influencing what is being published, you have no seat at the table. And your opinions are just that. I was being terribly generous in allowing established Professors of relevant disciplines the right to be heard ;)
Really? We must?
We --those of use who wish to have best available factual understanding of physical reality (upon the assumption that the modern science provides the most efficacious epistemology available) --must. You, of course, are free to wallow in ignorance and delusion if you so choose. I'd suggest you don't and instead develop the skills to ascertain credible authority (let's not forget that science is 90% authority and 10% original research), but that's your choice.
Right. And according to mainstream economists ...
What economists, literary critics or astrologers believe or do provides little illumination to a discussion of how science must be conducted. Please stay on topic.
And recent attempts to revive these questions by the very few suitably qualified scientists who do disagree with the mainstream [citing two recent such attempts, Lindzen & Choi (2009) and Spencer and Braswell (2011)].
Clearly you personally know every single scientist in the world ...
Non sequitur.
--including those who haven't published
I'm sorry?! We've already established that they aren't suitably qualified. They are entitled to their opinion, of course, and I'll concede that their opinions are likely to be better founded than the ordinary person's, but they are not part of the scientific debate.
Slightly off topic, but we do have a handle on the personal beliefs of expert scientists and scientists in general on this topic, this question itself having been the the subject of some research. The popularly cited Anderegg et al. has 97% of published climate scientists agreeing on the anthropogenic nature of observed global warming. Wikipedia has a good summary here and more generally here. For the reason outline above, however, you'd be better off hitting a scientific abstracting service, or even reading the AR4 WG1 report (but wait till AR5 comes out), than conducting an opinion poll of scientists, even expert scientists.
--are intimately familiar with all their work, life history, intelligence level ...
All fairly irrelevant.
... theories
These at least are pertinent.
, etc, and are therefore able to judge the exact persons who are and who aren't "suitably qualified" to tackle this subject.
Yes I am able to make that judgement, not for the reasons you outline, but (at least in part) upon the criteria I gave in the post you are responding to. And so to could you.