What do I think caused the problems?
Subprime lending with super low interest rates artificially inflating housing prices motivated by irrational self interest in the form of bonuses and spiffs by bankers, lenders and other financial institutions.
Also, short sighted whiny business owners who declare that we can't bother possibly raise wages with relation to inflation because that would be un-American. How dare people earn a living wage!
You probably tuned out because I didn't scream "GOVERNMENT!" and instead went with a more nuanced answer.
What's going to fix our problems isn't at the end of a gun or radical Governmental upheaval in favor of a libertarian ideology.
What's needed is a massive shift in cultural mores and norms finally saying that the fucking rich aren't paying their fair share and are actively trying to hoard what wealth they have in fear of it going away.
Being taxed at 3 or 4 or even 10 percent higher marginal tax rates with no tax loopholes by being paid in stock or other instruments isn't going to be the end of the world.