In your opinion, what are the most civilized ones? How do the other western European nations fare?
Ok, these are personal opinions, completely subjective and highly biased of course, and excuse the cliches:
I've been to Germany about a dozen times as well and despite one or two incidents I always enjoyed it. I like Berlin, open and relaxed atmosphere (except on Walpurgis Night). Older people may not understand English, but nobody expects foreigners to speak German. It is very much appreciated if you do, though.
I've lived in the UK (London). Obviously there's a formal culture where people stick to social norms and are polite, on the other hand it's (still) a hierarchical, class-based society, so you get inequality and the class warfare that goes with it (London riots anyone?). But overall a positive experience, you can go to the pub on the corner and have a quiet drink or chat with complete strangers. People there are quite sociable.
I've lived in Belgium (Flanders), and it's doable. The surreal national politics don't affect everyday life at all, but I have to say the mentality tends to be a bit parochial. Also, people learn to accept authority and stick to the rules from an early age, so they're not used to assertive behaviour and may mistake it for arrogance. People don't always speak their mind, so you have to decode non-verbal cues.
I don't mind the Netherlands, but that may be home bias. The mindset is very individualistic though, and something like UK pub culture is almost non-existent, so it may be hard for an outsider to make friends. I have only limited experience with Scandinavia, but I have a positive impression.
Visited Italy half a dozen times and worked there a few months. It really depends on where you go and who you meet, but my impression is that foreigners may get more respect there than the Italians, who compete among themselves for basically everything. Getting through life can be a bit like being in an opera buffa, and may require some moral flexibility (cliche, I know). Especially the politics are surreal, the Italians themselves are very much aware of this and tend to dislike their country. There's a reason so many go abroad (where they only hang out with other italians).
Been to Portugal a dozen times, imho it's a bit like France (arrogant waiters, speeding, nepotism and the other cliches) but even more conservative, not as regulated, and without most of the neurosis/paranoia/aggression. The locals have little contact with foreigners outside the tourist hotspots, it's not the most dynamic or cosmopolitan country. They dislike Germans for some reason, and regard the British as snooty and arrogant.
An assault by McDonalds staff seems unthinkable in any of these places. Maybe in a very dodgy UK restaurant staffed by hooligans, but it would be shut down in the blink of an eye. Paris on the other hand.. years ago, a friend of mine was dragged out of the Virgin Megastore by the hair for sitting on the stairs, for example. French security guards are easily provoked.
Btw, the roughest place I've been to is possibly St Petersburg, but that city is in a league of its own.