Short stories:
Unfortunately, you'll find it is hard to get many short stories together that you want to use without picking a random anthology. Otherwise you'll be hunting all over for books. Instead I would really suggest that you get "The Science Fiction Hall of Fame, Volume One" a short story collection used by many SF classes. It actually includes several of the stories and authors I've already listed. See it here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Science_Fiction_Hall_of_Fame_Volume_One,_1929-1964

Classic Novels:
- Alfred Bester, The Stars My Destination : IMHO the best book ever. I reread it every year or so. Read the wikipedia page about it.
- Walter Miller, A Canticle for Leibowitz : an excellent example nuclear apocalypse leading into cyclical history. (also refer to The Mote in God's Eye for the same theme and it's impact on an alien race after hundreds of repeats of nuclear war)
- A.E. Van Vogt, The Weapon Shops of Isher : a large conglomeration of gun rights supporters vs an empire. One quote was "The right to own weapons is the right to be free". Interestingly Van Vogt's writings later led to what became scientology. [note, I've just looked at the sf hall of fame book I mentioned and the short story version of this is included]
- Pohl / Kornbluth, The Space Merchants : an excellent treatment of the possibilities of capitalism + advertising taken to their extreme in an overpopulated world.
- Asimov, The Caves of Steel : A detective story featuring an overpopulated Earth, fear of robots replacing human jobs, and agoraphobia on the new planets that are minimally settled.
- The Science Fiction Hall of Fame, Volume Two : this includes several other still applicable novellas such as "The Marching Morons" (surely used as the basis for the movie "Idiocracy" where advertising is used to direct the now moronic populace).
I'd pick more, but you only have one semester. I'm trying to think of some good environmental destruction stories, but nothing excellent is coming to mind that isn't a multi-book set. Anyone want to cover that topic?

So, when I had to be executor of my mom's estate, I already knew there would be a lot of work in organizing everything, and deciding who got what, but I also encountered realized I was going to have to go through her gigs of digital pictures and figure out who was in them, who would want copies, and then somehow distribute them. She didn't use online software or any of that for her taxes, and we had some time before she passed (from cancer) to discuss online bill accounts and such things. Without having that time, it would have been even worse trying to sort through all of her digital life to figure out what needed keeping and what was important for financial purposes, etc. She only had about 10 gigs of pictures, even though she had a digital camera since the 90s, so eventually, I made it through the images... but it gave my wife and myself a realization. All of those digital pictures of our family were going to be "digital pictures no one looks at." So, she started making shutterfly books of our pictures. It's a little comforting to know that there are now printed copies of our favorite pictures, and if we need the originals we do still have them... the downside is that we're still leaving a huge collection of digital data for our children to someday have to slog through. Far more so than my 68 year old mother. In three years we've generated over 20 gigs because we photograph so much. Plus, we just bought a hi-def video camera... So, think of the children... keep those photos and songs organized, and if you keep tax and financial info on your computer, make sure your kids or estate lawyer have passwords for anything you lock down. I'm kind of wondering how inheritances will address the issue of drm media...

I would agree to the significance of Fate as a concept here used in the new movie... or possibly something like shall we say, historical inertia? A common feature of time travel paradox fiction has been that some events (or people) carry too much inertia to change without going way back before they occur. The amount of established impact of the Enterprise crew upon the galaxy by Nero's time would make them somewhat of historical juggernauts.
Let's assume such historical inertia can be placed upon someone, and assuming we're in a single reality universe without alternate universes for all possible scenarios of everything. Now try to change the timeline of your own past. Certain eventual corrections will occur to lead back to a similar enough timeline to what was present before Nero's interruptions. Okay, he nailed Vulcan itself, so that's a pretty big deal... but the eventual establishment of a colony may provide for the important individuals with galaxy affecting descendants up to Nero's time, to have survived as part of the 10,000.

On a side note, what happened to time dilation near black holes?
Also, is it just me, or was the sound a little out of whack? I mean, when kirk slapped spock on the shoulder, it sounded like he'd hit the microphone with a baseball bat...

Actually, The Stars My Destination (Tiger Tiger) has had the movie rights recently purchased. I'm frightened that it will almost certainly fail to live up to the book... but one can always hope for some goodness from it. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117940125.html?categoryid=13&cs=1(variety.com)

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0783588/Here's the imdb link but it's locked to Pro only... It used to say 2010... now it says 2012. Guess Jumper sort of messed up the jaunting storyline.

According to the Variety article, it's being produced by http://www.variety.com/profiles/people/main/47298/Lorenzo%20di%20Bonaventura.html?dataSet=1Lorenzo di Bonaventura (Variety) who brought us Doom, Transformers (1 and soon 2), and GI Joe... so it might have enough special effects to look cool at least.

Don't you know that many researchers are credit hogs, who eventually rise to the review level and heavily criticize and turn down proposals of those that might criticize their own work? It's the awful truth about scientific research and grant money. It's like a soap opera.

Will it blend?