That local Fusion center https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... will help move real world local private/public data up to the federal level :)

You saw the DEA do it with phone call records.
http://arstechnica.com/tech-po... Sept 4 2013
".... to place its employees in drug-fighting units around the country. Those employees sit alongside Drug Enforcement Administration agents and local detectives and supply them with the phone data from as far back as 1987.""
Thats just one tiny project with once set of data.
Water news http://arstechnica.com/tech-po...
Power news http://www.zerohedge.com/news/...
Thats just for one classic storage site thats in the news a lot.
Re So what would it really take to put this sort of thing together?
"The ultimate goal of the NSA is total population control" 11 July 2014
http://www.theguardian.com/com...
"At least 80% of all audio calls, not just metadata, are recorded and stored in the US, says whistleblower William Binney – that's a 'totalitarian mentality'"
Should give an average reader an idea of the US internal scale to store, track, index, search, voice print, call to, call from, other numbers, work back from hops surrounding people of interest.
ie well funded, all of the USA, over years, aspects of calls stored for years ready to be found in storage if seen at a protest, near a protest or near a person who was near a person at a protest.
ie you just need a lot of tame Room 641A like access https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

It gets and keeps the funding. Binney: 'The NSA's main motives: power and money' (19.08.2014)
http://www.dw.de/binney-the-ns...
"When you do the things that they do - dictionary select, like a Google query, you throw a bunch of words in and get a return. And if you do that for terrorism, you get everything in the haystack that has those words. So now you're buried - by orders of magnitude worse than you used to be. So you don't find them."
.... "Money. It takes a lot of money, you have to build up Bluffdale [the location of the NSA's data storage center, in Utah] to store all the data. If you collect all the data, you've got to store it, you have to hire more people to analyze it, you have to hire more contractors, managers to manage the flow. You have to start a big data initiative. It's an empire."
William Binney https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
Its all about growing the NSA beyond its 1990's position in the US gov. No more just working to provide data to other mil and gov tasks.
The NSA seeks to run its own missions and be seen getting results, more funding and more political access.

Back to use once number pads, face to face and number stations. Takes a bit longer.

Also even if your phone cant get a good gps, it might get a location for other phones that can, in the area on the same networks.
Global Wi-Fi, cell-id location databases, ambient signals, visitors use gets a gov/mil some nice indoor positioning.

The UK made sure a kind of early tracking tech was ready for cell phones as a standard due to experiences in Ireland back in the day. Not unexpected news back then, a strange story to make Slashdot in 2014.

Dont unpack and test your new phone near your everyday phone. If it is your home, hotel room or work, every phone that is was normally in the area is now of interest due to that one time test activation. Numbers called, callers and voice prints will find that new interesting phone later and allow a gov/mil to work back.
If that does not work, just map an area where tow phones walk towards each other and turn/power off and turn on again walking away from each other.
Any phone is a risk.

Dual missions and attracting the next generations to gov, mil work and onion routing.
From collect it all reality to 'help' spread democracy branding.
If US backed dissidents face a new range of telco tools that are just been sold to govs, better to help developers stay one step ahead.
If a new range of telco tools used by the US govs to collect it all are just been upgraded, better to give developers some busy work for a few years.
Both options need clean social engineering access to real people to shape software directions over decades.

It depends on the US or UK mission. If the US gov wants to support some NGO doing a Colour revolution http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C... then the communications and support has to work well over years.
For every other use of online anonymity the US and UK would like to have a way in as now understood with most of the tame telco and banking crypto over decades.
e.g. NSA surveillance: A guide to staying secure http://www.theguardian.com/wor... (6 September 2013)
the classic line "... have invested in enormous programs to automatically collect and analyse network traffic"
The US gov and mil can afford do both and keep users guessing. Protect the very well supported "freedom fighters" just enough globally and still collect it all.

A few sites where final assembly locations. The warhead was Soviet ready as a designed device but the surrounding say 'torpedo' would be locally put together like a nuclear Knock-down kit. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
Vast local bases, parts storage, good jobs, nice pay, warm accommodation.

A sweetheart deal may not be something that Scotland wants. They may like the optics and tourist friendly branding of been nuclear weapon free.
Like with the fall of the Soviet Union all the UK may be asked for is a totally decontaminated site, a museum.
Why would Scotland risk a second much later negotiation as Scotland would then own a contaminated site that the UK had already negotiated over and risk the UK walking away from as is?
Better to get the UK cleaning up once, totally moved out and all done while the UK can still afford to do so or can be asked to do so.
Scotland would not want to end up with a base location thats part of Empire forever, like a few other nations got stuck with.

The real fun for that location up north is the clean up and long term care.
Most nations keep their nuclear gems locked up at one site with experts, contamination and all the skills for the next generation upgrades.
Moving all that in place equipment down south would not be very simple given funding and pension issues within the UK gov/mil. Where is the free cash going to come from for a massive reworking of very bespoke UK nuclear mil systems?

In the past a Strategy of tension https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... could be kept going for years.
"Western governments during the Cold war used tactics that aimed to divide, manipulate, and control public opinion using fear, propaganda, disinformation, psychological warfare, agents provocateurs, and false flag terrorist actions in order to achieve their strategic aims"
Also see Operation Gladio https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

The person might then feel their phone has been messed with in some way and stop using it just when a gov still wants to know more in real time.
A more telco friendly option might exist to keep voice on so a person calls or is called, keeps their phone on, battery in and is very trackable.
They might not have any data connection and might have some extra gov software pushed down the network.
Hours later the phone works again, the video is lost with free space data overwritten, but the person might just still keep that now upgraded phone.

Re ". . . if you're that paranoid."
We saw the free UK offer of wifi to attempt get to phones of interest under
"UK spy agency reportedly intercepted email of delegates at G20 meetings in 2009" (Jun 17, 2013)
http://www.pcworld.com/article...
"... set up Internet cafes at the G20 meetings in order to extract key logging information and credentials from foreign delegates, giving the agencies “sustained intelligence options” against the targets even after the events ended."
"...allowing the reading of people’s emails before or at the same time as they do"
A few sites kept open to herd the press too, with CCTV and dat collection? All other easy to find sites closed thanks to tame telco help?
http://www.theguardian.com/uk/... 17 June 2013
"Setting up internet cafes where they used an email interception programme and key-logging software to spy on delegates' use of computers"
"Penetrating the security on delegates' BlackBerrys to monitor their email messages and phone calls"
"Supplying 45 analysts with a live round-the-clock summary of who was phoning who at the summit"
In any city for local police work soon :) You connect, the gov pushes some extra software out too.