It prevents Comcast, who effectively has monopoly power in most of the markets it serves
I wouldn't single out Comcast in this manner, they're not uniquely a monopoly any more than other ISPs (and they're not, most people have multiple options for Internet access, virtually everyone if you include wireless options).
charging Netflix extra simply to route packets from their servers to their subscribers
Netflix represents the majority of Internet traffic. Not just the biggest, but the majority. Mathematically, making a "swap" peering agreement while carrying Netflix traffic is going to be impossible because the exchange will be asymmetrical.
Every content provider who wants a fat uplink pipe needs to pay for it, and Netflix is no exception.
The ruling also prevents service providers from rerouting web requests to competitors' servers.
This is called fraud. It was always illegal.
It also prevents outright denying access to competitors.
Always been illegal. Not the FCC's jurisdiction, anyways.
In fact, the ruling states quite clearly that ISPs are to act as common carriers and no censorship of content is to take place at all. You would know this if you actually read the ruling and stopped reading propaganda coming from right wing "news" sources.
[Citation Needed]
I've read the thing cover to cover.