Artificially limited by fiat? This suggests there is a quota for how many lawyers can be licensed in a given year. I am unaware of such a limit. Having to pass an examination is not the same thing.

The parent has a good point about getting involved in research. It is good for experience, connections, fun (you might get to work on some cool stuff, after all), etc. It is especially valuable if you intend to go to graduate school, but certainly won't hurt your prospects for getting a job with a BS.

I notice lots of responders advising that you go to this or that school. I am faculty in mechanical engineering at a top-tier university and I can tell you the following: as long as you go somewhere reputable and work hard, you should be fine. Ask 10 different people and you'll get 10 different recommendations about what is the best school to put you on a specific career path. In my opinion, the identity of the "best" school depends on the individual. Personal happiness matters as much as US News and World Report rankings. (That being said, if you're capable of getting in to a top-10 engineering program then you'd have to have a pretty big personal reason to settle for someplace ranked 100+.)

What you should do no matter where you wind up is try to get an internship with SpaceX or someone else in that industry. Internships are a great potential pathway to a full-time offer when you graduate as well as a great way for you to figure out if this is really where you want to work.

Going back to the "which college" issue, I believe SpaceX and companies like them take interns from numerous institutions. Some intern hiring has a geographic bias (because companies do not always offer relocation benefits). But I never would choose a university solely for its proximity to a particular company.

To convey my own observations: One of my graduate students interned with SpaceX this past summer (after working for Tesla Motors the summer prior). Although we are a highly reputable engineering school (ranked in top 15 by USN&WR), we're not MIT or CalTech and SpaceX isn't located where we are. Yet this didn't stop my student (and a few undergrads I know here) from landing internships with SpaceX.

The bottom line is that the school is only part of the equation. You need to work hard when you get there and it helps an awful lot to go someplace you will be happy (or else you won't want to work very hard).

Good luck!

Although perhaps this type of bias does crop up in some cases, there actually is political pressure to give grants to a "Tyrone" over a "Todd". For example, the NSF proposal review criteria include consideration of the "Broader Impacts" of the research. One way to address this criterion is to include outreach activities in your proposal that would include underrepresented minorities (could be anything from interacting with minority high school students to involving undergraduate minorities in the research project). So faculty who are black or who are at a historically black university might plausibly have an advantage in this aspect of the review process. There even is pressure from NSF such that any NSF Research Center (major multimillion dollar centers that involve multiple universities) oftentimes must include at least one historically minority institution.

So yes, it is true that PMs must defend the awards they give to politicians and other superiors and therefore are subject to political pressures. However, such pressures are not uniformly stacked against minority groups. I am unfamiliar with NIH, but there is at least some effort to level the field at NSF. (All of that being said, it doesn't matter what your outreach activities look like if the intellectual aspects are judged inadequate by the review panel, which is more on-point to what TFA is talking about. All I'm saying here is that if the intellectual merit of two proposals are deemed equal, the proposal with more minority outreach/participation actually would get the nod at NSF.)

Why would you expect scientists in academia to behave differently from people in any other walk of life? Did you expect monks?

It is important to remember that science is a process. It is folly to look at any one study and bet your life on the results (because there may have been errors in the experiment, the data was limited in size/scope, or the researcher was a hack of the type that you suggest). It only is meaningful to look at a body of work over time. To borrow and tweak your phraseology a bit, I would never do something because a scientist says so, but I would be inclined on the basis that science says so. If a topic is important, there will be more than one scientist working in the area and, eventually, the scientific process should self correct for mistakes and overreaches by any one individual. If one researcher is screaming about the greatness of furry purple nipples, then eventually someone else will contest this claim (in their own self-aggrandizing-interest; perhaps in an effort to advance their own theory about slippery green nipples) and bring to light the deficiencies of the original work. These things get sorted out on important matters, albeit on a rather slow time scale compared to the patience of the average onlooker (think years and decades).

Also, if the professor is paying for the grad student, paying for the equipment/supplies the grad student is using, or committing time to advise him/her, then the faculty member's name certainly should go on the paper. I suppose it is akin to a situation in which an employee at a private company does work on company time/with company equipment and wants to publish or patent it--it's not like the employee can do this without company permission or giving the company credit in some form. You may disagree with this in principle, but the fact is that this reality exists pretty much anywhere you go. So it's not like professors are outliers on this one. (Now, if the grad student did the research completely on his/her own time with no supervision from the professor and with no equipment/supplies from the professor's lab, then maybe there is an issue. But I think such situations are exceptionally rare.)

Anyway, that's the $0.02 for today.

This is nothing new, though perhaps the scale is larger. Engineering students have been paying more than most other students for decades. The difference was that these differences were called "lab fees" rather than differential tuition. However, they were just as mandatory as tuition. Now by calling tuition, it may occasionally benefit students in terms of some loans and scholarships (occasionally, money can be used for tuition but not for things called fees).

Differential tuition also occurs for business schools, particularly for MBA programs.

What I don't understand is why the /. crowed is so shocked this. The truth is that engineering degrees are more expensive to produce. Usually if a good or service is more expensive to produce, it costs more to buy. The lab fees that engineering students pay covers only a small fraction of the additional cost of engineering education. Have you ever looked at the difference between the salary for an engineering professor and that of a professor in a liberal arts field? This is a consequence of supply and demand. I'm not saying an engineering degree should cost 10x or even 2x what a LA degree costs. My point simply is that differential tuition is a reaction to basic market forces that we've been ignoring for a long time.

Well, Wikipedia can be suspect at times, but here's what it says (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crohn%27s_disease#Symptoms):

Many people with Crohn's disease have symptoms for years prior to the diagnosis.[12] The usual onset is between 15 and 30 years of age but can occur at any age.[13] Because of the 'patchy' nature of the gastrointestinal disease and the depth of tissue involvement, initial symptoms can be more vague than with ulcerative colitis. People with Crohn's disease will go through periods of flare-ups and remission.

Really sounds to me like a combo of on-again off-again symptoms and symptoms that are fairly generic (i.e., shared w/ lots of conditions) than doctors and labs trying to squeeze ever last buck out of someone and their insurance. Now, if there is a problem if the first thing they do is run expensive tests for exotic diseases or something like that. I mean, a responsible physician would consider the a priori odds of each condition. And while I'm sure there are plenty of "quacks" out there, I'm not sure that's the first conclusion I would reach for in this particular case.

This comment is spot-on. If the AP is cracking down on the DoD for this, they also need to crack down on PR firms that issue retouched photos of celebrities.

I think I would agree with the AP if the background they added made it look like she was in the field or something. That would have been a gross misrepresentation of the facts. This was just a headshot. The only people who should be upset at the retouching are people interested in dating the General.

And let's not forget the AP probably would have whined (albeit, not publicly) had the DoD issued the original, grainy photo with the cluttered background.