I'm a bit of a nuclear nut. However you are right, at least about the older technological nuclear facilities. They take forever to build, then take longer, cost a massive amount of money, then cost more. They do generate a massive amount of constant energy also.
Anyway that isn't what I wanted to say. I think a great deal of the problem could be solved with some pretty simple regulation. However it might make you a political enemy of some pretty big industry monopolies.
It all comes down to what you said about "near dense population centers". One thing forgotten much of the time in the whole power debate is that the power needs to be *distributed* otherwise it is pretty useless. How is this best achieved? Well the basic principle is the longer the distance, the more resistance, the more power you need to supply, and the less efficient it becomes...
Now I've never been a huge fan of solar, largely because of the hype and lack of real advancement. However, what would perhaps drive real results? Demand. It is also pretty simple so far as technology goes, there isn't a lot of moving parts so to speak.
Basically what I am getting at is *massive* roof top solar generation by residents. How does one achieve that? Well you make it easier. You do two bits of regulation. One that would allow government to issue cheap long term loans for the purpose of residential solar. Second would be to make it easier to connect to the grid, requiring distributors to A) allow for it, B) not dissuade it by charging exorbitant fees for hookups, inverters, etc... and make it easy to sign residential to long term contracts at a rate to which more than covers the initial capitol cost.
I think in doing so you would solve most of the power issues we have. Close to market generation, a very distributed and redundant supply, etc... It would also have the net benefit in the demand would drive solar technology to become better. It would also employ a ton of people long term for installs, maintenance, building solar panels, selling solar panels, etc...
You would however have the banking industry as well as the power industry supporting pretty much everyone but your political campaign.
Anyway as I see it, it would be a big deal insofar as solving power issues, with very little actual expense on the part of government, with change largely being driven by the market improving economic situations along the way.
The only problems really being the large capitol costs upfront, and the barriers to connecting to the grid, and uncertainty of power costs/prices. Solve those, and the People will produce their own power. If you really think about it, it is kind of crazy that this (and others) technology exists, and is largely unused and not a priority, and you have to ask why. Corporate interests and politics is my guess over any kind of logistics or technological issues.