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Comment Re:Does This Make Sense? (Score 1) 318

Battery evolution has been moving along at a fairly steady pace averaging around a 5-8% improvement in capacity per year. In addition, the longevity has been steadily increasing and charge times have been steadily decreasing and cost have been dropping fairly rapidly, much faster than predicted.

If you compare today's batteries used in cars compared to those a decade ago there is really no comparison. Today's batteries have much higher capacities, much longer life and at a much lower cost.

http://www.carbonbrief.org/blo...

Here's a chart from 2012. Tesla is selling their grid storage battery packs at around $250/KWh and with the gigafactory the prices will be further reduced. This is the price point where BEVs start to become price competitive with gasoline cars.

http://www.mckinsey.com/insigh...

Battery prices are already at or below where they were predicted to be in 2020 just a few years ago.

http://theenergycollective.com...

On average, battery energy doubles every ten years.

http://kk.org/thetechnium/2009...
http://electronicdesign.com/po...

Comment Re:Does This Make Sense? (Score 1) 318

The Tesla AC induction motor has a fairly flat torque curve to around 6000RPM where it starts to drop off gradually. There are no permanent magnets in the Tesla motor. The synchronous motors seem to drop off faster in their torque curves from what I've seen.

As far as the energy required to build batteries, Tesla's gigafactory will be solar powered. They also last a lot longer than 5 years as has been shown with the original Roadster batteries, which are lasting much better than they expected. The model S batteries are much improved over the original Roadster batteries as well. If they die after 5 years, why would Tesla offer an unlimited mile 8-year warranty. From some of my conversations with Tesla they should last well over 8 years for most people. If the full cycle range were limited to only 3,000 cycles that's still well over 600,000 miles for the 85KWh battery pack since you get well over 200 miles per charge. Owners have already exceeded 100,000 miles and not seen any significant drop in range or performance. Recycling the batteries takes even less energy than it does to produce the batteries using virgin material. The batteries also contain only around 3% lithium. The other materials are pretty common, carbon, cobalt and aluminum.

Comment Re:File this under "NO SHIT" (Score 1) 264

I agree, that's not a hack. I work on bootloaders and need to directly access low-level hardware registers and whatnot on 64-bit MIPS processors. I only need about a page of assembly code to do things like set up part of the L1 cache as stack memory and initialize a few registers before switching to C code. For some of the registers that require assembly to access we have macros to hide it. I certainly don't consider it a hack. Even inline assembly isn't necessarily a hack since some things require it, such as atomic operations, dealing with caches and stuff like that.

Comment Great news (Score 1) 63

This is great news. When I was in college the microprocessor design class used a variant of MIPS though this started the quarter after I took the class. In my class we had to wire-wrap a 16-bit MIPS-like CPU using discrete chips and a couple programmable ones. MIPS is relatively easy to implement for educational purposes due to the simple instruction encoding and clean architecture. MIPS, unlike some other processors like ARM, also allows you to add your own instructions using coprocessor 2 which can be a great way to differentiate a processor and enhance it for different tasks. MIPS is a much simpler design compared to ARM or even PowerPC. MIPS is still widely used, especially in networking devices.

For example, my current employer has added a lot of instructions useful for encryption and hashing as well as some useful atomic instructions.

The move from 32-bits to 64-bits is actually quite clean on MIPS which did not require any major changes to the instruction set other than adding 64-bit instructions and sign-extending the 32-bit instructions. There are a few warts on it, such as the fact that the instruction following a branch instruction is always executed (SPARC is the same way). This is no longer all that useful with modern superscalar architectures and the branch delay slot can't always be filled with something useful. Things are also a bit cramped for 32-bits since only the lower 2GB of memory is available for user-space. Kernel space (KSEG0) is from 0x80000000-0x9fffffff and an uncached copy is at 0xa0000000-0xbfffffff. 0xC0000000 - 0xDFFFFFFF can be mapped using the translation look-aside buffer, making another 512MB available to the kernel. Both of these address ranges map directly to the lower 512MB of RAM which somewhat limits things. In 64-bit mode this isn't a problem though since all addresses are sign-extended. Another nice feature in kernel mode is that all physical addresses can be directly accessed, without requiring any special mapping other than setting bit 63 to 1.

Most MIPS processors do not use a hardware page table walker, instead relying on a software configured translation look-aside buffer. When there's a page miss, a quick interrupt occurs to replace an entry in that table with some hardware assist. This goes back to the original philosophy of keeping the hardware design simple. Due to the way it works, it allows total freedom with how page tables are represented in the operating system though there can be a slightly bigger overhead compared to hardware page tables.

The instruction set is quite clean and the instruction encodings are quite simple with only a few classes of instructions, unlike ARM64. Instruction decoding can be handled with only a few look-up tables. MIPS assembly language is far simpler and straight forward than, say X86 and it's quite mature, though not all processors implement all instructions. Many embedded MIPS processors lack floating point and the multimedia extensions, and many are 32-bit only. This helps cut cost and power when making chips for devices that don't need these features. MIPS also can scale up nicely. For example, the chips I work with currently scale up to 48 cores per chip and with two chips running in tandem Linux runs on 96 cores, all with a coherent cache. The newer ABIs are nice in that the only real difference between N32 and N64 is that pointers are 64-bits instead of 32-bits, just about everything else is the same so you get all of the features of 64-bit registers but keep the compactness of 32-bit pointers. This has been present for many years and is a fairly recent addition to X86 and ARM.

Comment Re:Many small solutions through a day (Score 1) 174

I wear my watch all the time, including in the shower. I like it because it does one thing well, tell me the time and date. I never have to set it except for daylight savings (it synchronizes itself every night) and I don't have to wind it up or charge it (it charges itself via solar). It's also waterproof to 100M and pretty tough (I tend to be hard on watches). If it breaks I'm also not out $600 and it won't go obsolete in a year.

Comment Re:Landing vs splashdown (Score 1) 342

My father was is engineer who worked on some aerospace and defense stuff while I was growing up. He worked on a data recorder that went up on Skylab. He offered to fly up and fix it if anything went wrong. My mother has always been big on astronomy. I've been Elon Musk's various ventures for quite a while (and ended up buying a Tesla). I've always been impressed with his forward thinking and the smart people he surrounds himself with. My day job is working on the U-Boot bootloader and a little Linux kernel work. Maybe someday it'll even be pushed upstream, but right now it's always not enough time and it's a LOT of code, significantly more than all of the ARM SOCs combined.

Comment Re:Landing vs splashdown (Score 4, Interesting) 342

A couple of months ago I was having a discussion with a fellow from Space X who designs the hydraulic systems and we spoke about a number of issues. This was right after the failed landing due to it running out of hydraulic fluid. I asked about how reusable the engines are and he said that they run test burns lasting hours. The launch is only a few minutes. According to what he said, it should just be a simple matter of refueling and adding more hydraulic fluid and probably some other simple things without having to do a major overhaul. The engines are very reliable.

I asked about why they don't reuse the hydraulic fluid and he said that it was cheaper and lighter to not reuse it. He also said that they knew it could run out and that the next version would have more.

Comment Re:Not Brick (Score 2) 179

I had this problem and after trying several things I finally found a solution: Buy an Anker USB cable. I tried just about everything else with my tablet. I have a USB power meter. The Nexus 7 2012 seems to be extremely sensitive to the resistance in the USB cable. The Anker cable is much fatter than most cables I've tried. Before I switched to this cable I've had my tablet go dead while plugged into the charger.

Here's what else I tried:
I replaced the USB connector on my tablet (fairly easy to do). This helped but I still had problems.
I tried numerous chargers including the Anker charger, which helped but didn't solve the problem.
I tried many different USB cables. Some would help briefly but none ever charged quickly, the best one was the stock one that came with the tablet, but even that didn't work too well.

Once I switched to the Anker cable I was able to charge at over 1A for the first time. None of the other cables came close and I tried a lot of cables, including the Amazon Basics cables (which are otherwise nice cables).

Comment Re:Missing the point. (Score 1) 330

Hydrogen is not cleaner and generates more greenhouse gases than a decent hybrid or diesel vehicle. The only way to make hydrogen in an affordable manner is to crack natural gas. You use 20% of your energy capacity of the hydrogen just compressing it. And the hydrogen must either be generated on-site (around 70% efficient) or transported in tanker trucks which aren't very efficient for the energy density. Fuel cells also suck. They're maybe 50% efficient at best and quickly start to degrade. By 70K miles the fuel cell output has dropped to around 70% of its rated capacity and have dropped considerably in their efficiency.

The Tesla battery typically contains over 90% of its original capacity at 100,000 miles.

Fuel cell cars right now are very heavily subsidized and don't make a lot of sense. They're certainly not very green when you take into account the well to wheel efficincy. A hybrid vehicle or a diesel vehicle is more efficient than a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.

Comment Re:Reeeal modern, like before Amazon (Score 1) 197

That's what I ran into years ago when I ordered my Prius. I could get any car I wanted as long as it was white or possibly black. I wanted neither and a certain set of options. I had to wait 6 months to get the car I wanted, and it was my 3rd choice for color. They kept offering me white cars which I didn't want.

When I ordered my Tesla I chose exactly what color and options I wanted. I still had to wait 6 months but I got exactly what I ordered. The service I've gotten from Tesla is far better than the service I have gotten at any dealership by far.

The dealers like to make the claim that they protect the consumer. This is total BS. My father bought a Fisker Karma (I tried to talk him out of it) and once they went bankrupt, so did his service and warranty support.

Comment Re:First attack 2nd amend, and then 1st amend (Score 1) 538

To understand her position you need to understand where she's coming from. She's probably one of the few politicians to have seen gun violence first hand. She was there when the SF Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk were assassinated. She grabbed Harvey Milk's wrist to check for a pulse and her finger entered one of Milk's bullet wounds and was badly shaken by the event.

See the Moscone Milk Assassinations.

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